Parental Leave is ridiculous. It's much better to have a thriving job market where people make enough money to save for their own break and can find a new job after. If someone leaves for a year, do you fire them or the replacement when they come back?https://qz.com/work/1541822/the-bill-melinda-gates-foundation-is-backtracking-on-year-long-parental-leaves/ …
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Those trends I listed seem like more obvious main explanations to me.
They may be stronger contributors; causal factors are difficult to disentangle. But I don't think you can force policies that create this degree of cost + chaos within organizations (& a strict competitive advantage to orgs that avoid them) & expect no adaptation.
