Mason  🏃‍♂️ ✂️

A good chunk of the 19th century anesthesia hadn’t even been invented or widely used for anyone, let alone babies.

Not arguing that some procedures were done without appropriate analgesia, but the image of surgeons operating on babies who are paralyzed but conscious isn’t accurate from my understanding of medical history.

Any... sources?

Bumping into a lot of paywalls... sounds like there were some instances of it from the Times article, but lots of evidence that peds anesthesia was flourishing by the early 1900s, and paralytics not even invented until post WWII.

Saw that, but have never been able to track down a citation and no PubMed search turns this research up. What we do have is documented evidence of 100% of babies, getting that surgery, during that time period, being given general anesthesia. https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/BF03007435.pdf …