cognitive psychology. PhD 
thinking about the stuff about chess players easily memorizing valid chess positionshttps://twitter.com/michael_nielsen/status/1115342314119938049 …
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Also true in programming, except: "Unlike [chess], our Experts’ superiority was not restricted to the first trial; they continued to recognize familiar segments of code after the first trial, so their performance diverges from that of the lesser skilled subjects."
"The pictorial representations in chess allow Experts to recognize familiar chunks at a glance, whereas the computer experts required several trials to understand the program’s various functions, recognize its overall structure, and then recall more chunks-on each trial."
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McKeithen, Katherine B., Judith S. Reitman, Henry H. Rueter, and Stephen C. Hirtle. “Knowledge Organization and Skill Differences in Computer Programmers.” Cognitive Psychology 13, no. 3 (July 1981): 307–25. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0285(81)90012-8 ….
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Also physics: "experts tended to categorize problems into types that are defined by the major physics principles that will be used in solution, whereas novices tend to categorize them into types as defined by the entities contained in the problem statement."
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