10/ Not only does "lean" translate to "increase risk", incentives are stacked to increase risk for people who have least ability to complain
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11/ In general, if there is a need to cut costs by X, 10% will come from function degradation, 90% from increasing risk via "leaning"
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12/ Of that 90%, almost all will happen in parts of ops that will affect the vulnerable more. Not today, but at some unknown future date
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13/ Complex infrastructure inherently involves moral hazard because of this: experts manage risk distributions via cost cuts over time
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14/ In this, impacted parties are not blameless. They usually knowingly overallocate resources to function X over insurance of function X
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15/ How do you tell real efficiency increases from fragility-for-cost tradeoffs? Follow the information. Real thing embodies new knowledge
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16/ When you can't find any new information embodied by an evolved system, but it's cheaper, then it is more fragile
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17/ If you find a new information embodied locally, then there is some real efficiency increase and some risk moved elsewhere
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18/ Local new information perturbs information balance of power and some moral hazard, leading to some *new* exploitation of info-neighbors
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19/ Finally, true global information injected into a system (rare, == "disruption") can increase efficiency without fragility
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21/ Coda: am NOT saying there haven't been huge efficiency gains. They just can't be attributed to efficiency theaters that claim credit
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