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In both western and eastern classical music, the octave is book-ended with notes that have a 2x relationship in terms of frequencies. There are 12 half tones in the octave (not 7). A simplified scale or raga may use 7, but that is only a subset of the octave.
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I’d think so. The musical scale is based on ratios of naturally occurring resonances, while presumably the days of the week are based on the biblical account of creation?
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good questions 7 note scale only a default in western music. cf. pentatonic scale. technically there are 12 semitones? in an octave. you could in theory arbitrarily subdivide further. what sounds "good" is simply the distance between frequencies. picking 7/12 sounds good.
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