Carbon tax / sequestration seems like the true panacea. It could be done at massive scale while the economy adjusts. I don't see what would limit it if carbon tax / credits could provide the funding.
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The only issue I'm heard is saing that carbon taxes don't work fast enough, so we need the R&D side as well because the market pressure would arrive too late to hit the targets. Thoughts Sam?
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Re: Consumption Patterns - I'm unsure what the top patterns we'd need to change are, but things like cars can be easily made more efficient (electric + smaller engines), lighting can be moved to LED, etc.
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Direct energy use is about half the carbon pie chart. The other half is materially embodied. Accounting methods are a bit messy, but currently the biggest pattern that needs shifting in the energy half of the pie is probably HVAC.
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Energy in general is much more legible and within it, electricity generation and transportation are the most legible parts. But I donβt think thereβs a way to decarbonize based on energy alone. You have to do a βrenewablesβ equivalent to materials production and use as well.
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We already have the harmonized code / UNSPEC systems though to start with though, so we'd have a good idea of embodied carbon by code, and there'd be a whole business of trying to green certify that you were doing better than average to reduce your taxes.
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And yea - I'm talking more than energy too. Stuff like concrete is the CO2 from natural gas furnaces + the CO2 emitted from the process.
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Exactly. Concrete is a good stress-test example. Very basic material that China uses at the fastest rate in history, and itβs hard to imagine either a substitute product or sufficiently negative-carbonized production to offset emissions in use. Itβs basic to a whole way of life.
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Source capture --> sequestration near the source wouldn't be that crazy for this though. It'd make cement plants near CO2 injection sites uniquely profitable.
Also, there are carbon negative concretes available today, we just need to offset their cost increase.
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Regarding concrete and other hard decarbonization problems, 's newsletter is a clearing house for news on scalable solutions. Every significant GHG source has multiple attacks at scale happening now. Skim the last few editions: us9.campaign-archive.com/home/?u=a336c3
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Chris's excellent book What We Need to Do Now gets into the low-legibility sectors you reference: apparel needs to shift from churn of fashionable synthetics to durable wool and rayon. Very difficult cultural challenge ...
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