Iterative trial-and-error is not the same as closed-loop feedback. In the former, the error signal is only usable for the next trial, not to recover the current trial. Trial and error modulates discontinuous structural evolution rather than continuous behavioral progression.
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Good diagnostic question to locate feedback loop: what is the living thing the loop passes through. If it’s a human the loop passes through, it’s trial and error. If the human could walk away and thing can autopilot in a changing environment for a while, there’s real feedback.
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There’s got to be a way to state this in a rigorous way. I think a trial-and-error loop is one that does not converge to a continuous transfer function in the limit of making the iteration interval smaller because there’s a process step that’s not bounded as function of step size
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Ie closed-loop assumes strongly bounded rationality in the feedback transfer function. You can do the e(t) —> u(t) computation in delta_t, as it goes to zero. Because e(t) gets smaller because stability.
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Human-in-the-loop is nearly the same as NP-hard problem solver in the loop, where the human can choose a particular good-enough heuristic solution in the time available. Ie, an agent that can change the problem when it can’t stretch the time. Ie a judging/valuing agent.
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Sorry, thinking out loud down a pseudo-mathematical bunnytrail. This is control theory geekery of as yet unclear relevance to practical things.
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End of conversation
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