Depends on what you mean by "named," but Coleridge & Wordsworth both wound up conservatives in the Burkean mode, and "conservatism" as a political term dates to 1832 (says the OED anyway).
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Of course you might think this was a retreat from the "true" romanticism of their youth, and Blake & Shelley were never conservatives in any real sense. But I tend to think the romanticism-conservatism connection is fairly strong. After all Burke wrote a treatise on aesthetics!
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Fourier is the first to use the world feminism in 1837 and Saint Simon was politically influential
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Fourier the mathematician? Don’t know who Saint Simon was. Hmm got some Wikipedia dumpster diving to do.
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not sure anything big enough to be called a movement would also be called socialist before Marx. I know old lefties felt part of a lineage that went back to French Revolution, but they were on the side of reason and enlightenment. (they thought Marx was science)
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All ideologies believe they’re on the side of reason. The difference tends to lie in how they treat subjectivity.
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Isaiah Berlin writes a lot on the counter-enlightenment, over a couple of hundred years, which he sees as culminating in fascism. Rousseau, De Maistre, etc.
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I can't think of a political movement identified one-for-one with Romanticism. The disconnect between Romanticism and politics was based in part on class -- a very thin differentiation separating the artists+authors from lower classes who drove much of the emerging politics. >>
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Romanticism is seen as a reaction to the Industrial Revolution, but neither happened evenly across Europe & America. Between Britain, France, America it was Chartism which most closely paralleled Romanticism -- ie, emotional appeals for the rights of individuals incl suffrage. >>
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