Simon Carn

@simoncarn

Volcanologist || Professor of Geology || 🌋☁️☁️☁️☁️☁️☁️☁️☁️🌥️⛅️🌤️ The truth about gas and vog

Houghton, MI, USA
Vrijeme pridruživanja: travanj 2009.

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  1. Prikvačeni tweet
    28. lip 2019.

    🔊Sound on! Hear 's roar - Himawari satellite imagery of the June 21 (from ) with time-synched remote infrasound (from Robin Matoza at ) sped-up to be audible to humans.

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  2. prije 19 sati
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  3. prije 19 sati

    A sinuous SO2 plume erupted from , Ryukyu Is, seen by on Feb 3. A flight from Auckland to Tokyo diverted to Guam to avoid any volcanic ash in this cloud. Low-altitude SO2 plume from also visible to SE.

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  4. prije 23 sata

    Great work here by et al. Glad to see application of our SO2 emissions database. With multiple satellites measuring SO2 and accessible modeling tools, our community is well placed to quickly assess the potential climate impacts of future .

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  5. 1. velj

    FYI, the Joy Division album cover (below; designed by artist Peter Saville) depicts a stacked plot of radio signals from a pulsar using data collected at the Arecibo Radio Observatory , because science.

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  6. 1. velj

    is pretty cool too. You can even print your design on mugs and T-shirts!

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  7. 1. velj

    Awesome tool by for making 'ridgeline' topographic maps in the style of Joy Division's iconic Unknown Pleasures album cover: Here's , - it's fun to identify all the . A simple yet compelling way to visualize topography.

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  8. 24. sij
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  9. 23. sij

    Updated animation with new image of collected on Jan 22 (note the resuspended ash). I also outlined the pre-eruption Taal crater lake and Vulcan Point for reference.

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  10. 22. sij

    The resuspended ash plume from is also clearly visible in this Terra/MODIS image on Jan 22. Easy to see how such plumes can be mistaken for eruptions.

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  11. 22. sij

    Great view of on Jan 22 from the . As reported by , the source of the ash plume emanating from the is resuspension of previously deposited ash, not new volcanic activity. Such ash can still be a hazard to downwind communities & aviation.

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  12. 21. sij
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  13. 21. sij

    It's a weak signal, but has detected continued SO2 emissions from after dispersal of the Jan 12-13 cloud, as reported by . Indicates likely presence of magma at shallow depths. Follow for official updates & alerts.

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  14. 18. sij

    Flaking news - high snowfall rates (>1” per hour) in winter storm currently moving over the . ⁦

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  15. 17. sij

    Several assumptions have been made here, but vaporization of the Taal crater lake during the eruption is certainly within the realm of possibility.

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  16. 17. sij

    The mass of magma needed to supply 1.1x10^17 J is ~8x10^10 kg, equivalent to a volume of ~0.02 km3. This corresponds to a Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI) of ~3, which is probably a reasonable estimate of magnitude for the Jan 12-13 .

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  17. 17. sij

    Now, how much magma could supply this amount of heat? Assume basaltic magma with an initial temperature of 1200ºC that cools to ambient temperature (~20ºC) during eruption. Energy = Mass of magma (TBD) x temperature change (1180 K) x specific heat of magma (1484 J/kg/K)

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  18. 17. sij

    First, heat the lake water to boiling point from 30ºC: Mass of water (~4.3x10^10 kg) x temperature change (70 K) x specific heat of water (4186 J/kg/K) Then vaporize it: Mass of water x Latent heat of vaporization of water (2260 kJ/kg) Total: 1.1x10^17 Joules.

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  19. 17. sij

    In the following calculations I’m using crater lake volume and temperature data from this study of the lake conducted in 2011:

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  20. 17. sij

    's main crater lake is (mostly) gone, but was it vaporized? Here's a quick 'back of the envelope' calculation to estimate the energy required and test that theory. We need to heat the lake water to boiling point and then vaporize it (ignoring any heating of the vapor).

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  21. 16. sij

    And here's a wider (partly cloudy) view of 's Volcano Island showing the volcanic ash deposits.

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