2) This is work in the lab of @paulacroxson with the fantastic @PhilDPhilOxon @NeuroecologyLab and others who aren't on twitter.
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3) When one brain area is damaged, parts of the brain that were connected to it become disconnected.
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4)
@MichelTdS & others have shown that you can predict a lot of the effects of brain damage by looking at areas that become disconnected. But that’s only half of the storyhttps://academic.oup.com/cercor/article/25/12/4812/311248 …Prikaži ovu nit -
5) The brain tries to compensate by rewiring the connections between undamaged areas, but it’s difficult to predict where in the brain this will happen. That’s what we tried to do in our new paper.
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6) Connectivity between undamaged areas can dictate the amount of recovery a patient will make after brain damage due to things like a car crash, or a stroke https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0896627307001122 …
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7) We want to be able promote the strengthening of connections that help recovery, and stop changes that harm recovery from occurring – but this has been difficult.http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/1073858417717210 …
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8) We would like to know which areas are most capable of rewiring their connections, so that we can try to target them to promote recovery. So what makes some areas more capable of changing their connections than others?
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9) Brain areas differ in their pattern of connections, and also in the mix of different cell types within the area. We thought that these differences may affect the ability of a brain area to respond to damage to other areas. (image by @jillmedsciart)pic.twitter.com/CNqauxAcrH
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10) To find out, we studied how different areas throughout the brain change their connections after lesions to the hippocampus (a brain area important for memory). We did this by scanning monkeys several times before and after the lesion.pic.twitter.com/IE3dMwMhbw
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11) We found that areas that were highly connected to the hippocampus at first lost connectivity with distant areas, and later shrunk. At the same time, they became more connected with other nearby regions (perhaps to compensate).pic.twitter.com/53P2dRT1WZ
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12) Brain areas that were very strongly connected to other areas before the lesion (called hubs) were much more likely to lose connectivity after the lesion.pic.twitter.com/J4xKxdj86r
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13) Others had shown that these hub regions were more likely to be affected in brain disorders, and suggested that it might just be easier to notice damage when it happens to hubs. Here we show that even when damage primarily affects non-hub areas, hubs are strongly affected.
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14) Plasticity relies on the forming new or stronger connections between neurons, and this whole process relies on energy being delivered by other types of cells – glia, which were long considered the supporting act in the brain’s cell symphony.
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15) We asked, could the density of neurons and glia in an area affect its ability to respond to damage elsewhere? The answer is yes, but this only seems to be important after the initial (acute) recovery has taken place.pic.twitter.com/tRAfhSs7DQ
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16) The more glia in a brain area, the better it was able to increase its connectivity. It seems those oft-undermined support cells are important after all.
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17) Surprisingly, brain areas with more neurons packed in were more likely to become disconnected.pic.twitter.com/Xwc2KvJNW3
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18) Neurons receive a lot of their connections on branches called dendrites. When lots of neurons are packed into an area, they tend to have smaller dendrites, and might be less able to change their connections after brain damage as a result.
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19) In summary, how a brain region adapts after damage to another part of the brain depends on the mix of cell types in the area, and its connections with the damaged area and the rest of the brain.
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20) We think this will help us make more precise predictions about how the brain will change following damage, and hope this will help inform neuroscience-inspired treatments.
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21) If you’re interested in how these lesions affected memory, you can check out our other recent paper with
@markgbaxter &@crewilsonhttp://www.jneurosci.org/content/38/36/7800 …Prikaži ovu nit -
22) If you want to dig in further, all the data are freely available on PRIME-DE. That’s it, thanks for reading!
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0896627318307682 …Prikaži ovu nit -
Thanks also to
@markgbaxter and@RudebeckLab from the Sinai crowd (now including star signings@erinLrich and@rajankdr ) for a huge amount of support, intellectual and otherwise.Prikaži ovu nit -
And fab co-author
@DrKathyVet who I just found out is on twitter!Prikaži ovu nit
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