The opposite of Hanlon's Razor is something like "never attribute to stupidity what can be adequately explained by not actually wanting to do the thing."
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James C. Scott claims that slaves and peasants have traditionally engaged in "everyday resistance" -- feigning stupidity, illness, and incompetence to sabotage work that they are forced to do without compensation.https://libcom.org/history/everyday-forms-peasant-resistance-james-c-scott …
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In the Player frame (https://srconstantin.wordpress.com/2018/12/14/player-vs-character-a-two-level-model-of-ethics/ …) it doesn't matter whether someone is consciously feigning incompetence or subconsciously sabotaging tasks they don't want to do. If performance responds to incentives, it's not *mere* "incompetence."
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But "performance responds to some incentives" doesn't imply "performance will respond to all incentives." For instance, I suspect there are some kinds of cognitive tasks where punishing failure will not improve performance.
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We have a concept of "your fault" that corresponds to a prediction that punishment will be a deterrent, and a concept of "not your fault" that corresponds to a prediction that incentives will have no effects at all.
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But what if something like "creative thinking" is something people do better when they're motivated, but it has to be intrinsic motivation? What if you can't threaten or punish people into being more creative?
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If we conflate "has agency" with "deserves punishment", there's a lot of important stuff we can't talk about.
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Nonetheless, as Duckworth et al. say, "it is important not to overstate our conclusions. For all measured outcomes in Study 2, the predictive validity of intelligence remained statistically significant when controlling for the nonintellective traits underlying test motivation."
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yeah, this result doesn't disprove the hypothesis that there's a type of "intelligence" which doesn't vary with motivation and affects life outcomes.
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Roll to disbelieve, but will check later
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same reaction. I was expecting this to be tested directly, but instead it’s a meta analysis (and one that looks pretty noisy?) plus a weird experiment where they asked people to watch 15m video of people taking tests and rate how motivated they seemed
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