The increase in NA ancestry in MxAms is consistent across two US cities, and even replicates in an independent sample. The pattern is even apparent across other Hisp/Latinx groups in the US (though sample sizes are small).
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Given that the sample of MxAm was much larger than other Hisp/Latinx pops, we focused on the gradient of NA ancestry in the MxAm "wing":pic.twitter.com/Jt282GhTBV
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We found that if we plot NA ancestry proportions among individuals as a function of their birth year, there was a marked increase! (data on left, zoom on right with same regression line & whiskers but adding 1000 bootstrap loess curves).pic.twitter.com/CUCr3dZ7Un
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This change in NA ancestry cannot be explained by any single factor that we thought of. The increase can be partially explained by the joint action of several factors, including subtle shifts in migration & strong effect of ancestry-based assortative mating.
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No regions of the genome seem to be associated with increased NA ancestry, but there is a trend of increasing short/medium length ROH on NA ancestry tracts.
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There is a lot more to explore here! Admixed genomes are amazing!
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The observation that NA ancestry is dynamic over very short periods of time has implications for the genetic architecture of complex traits. For example, 22 of the 66 traits we looked at (33%) are statistically correlated with NA ancestry among individuals.pic.twitter.com/hv63NsmIBB
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We focus on the trait that had the largest effect in our study: height.
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Globally, height has increased due to a variety of non-genetic factors. We find a similar trend in MxAms. When we stratified individuals by quartiles of NA ancestry, we see that all quartiles have increased in height by a similar amount over the ~50yr period investigated.pic.twitter.com/WuKoEcSTHz
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Height is also one of the most widely studied phenotypes, giving us access to GWAS summary statistics from hundreds of thousands of individuals, and enabling a critical dissection of how well Polygenic Risk Scores (PRS) may fare in MxAm populations.
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We found that while the predicted height is weakly correlated with measured height overall, the correlation was primarily driven by the individuals with the lowest NA ancestry: there was no significant correlation for individuals in the top two quartiles of NA ancestry.pic.twitter.com/De6jQFQuzx
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This opens up way more questions than we can answer! We hope you enjoy reading this. If you have any comments, please do not hesitate to let us know. We won't be submitting this work for a few days, so help us with some pre-submission peer review!
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The idea for this project was entirely conceived by
@mlspear09, and she deserves all the credit for pulling this together. We had help with replication/graphics/ideas from@adp_diaz/@sfgravel, data help from@ziv_elad, and all around mentorship from@torgerdg.Prikaži ovu nit
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