“A commons has boundaries, rules, social norms and sanctions against free riders. A commons requires that there be a community willing to act as a conscientious steward of a resource.” Think like a commoner @davidbollier
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Commons must be able to create influence the rules that govern a commons, Ostrom noted. “If external government officials presume that only they have the authority to set rules then it will be very difficult... to sustain a rule-governed commons over the long run.”
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Ostrom declared that a commons that part of a larger system of governance must be organized in multiple nested layers. This ‘polycentric governance’ means the authority to appropriate a resource, monitor and enforce its use, resolve conflicts, and perform other governance...
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tasks must be shared across different levels — from local to regional to national to international.
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