Stress increases glucocorticoids in the brain (cortisol in humans, corticosterone in rodents). Long exposure neurodegenerative effects: mitrochondrial dysfunction, cell atrophy & death, hyperphosphorylation of cytoskeletal Tau protein which is important for dendrite remodeling
BDNF is a peptide hormone which acts as a growth factor for neurons. Acute administration of SSRIs like fluoxetine reduces BDNF. This https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16842762 is the only thing I know about how chronic SSRI administration increases BDNF transcription
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I think plasticity can mean lots of things, from dendritic remodeling to changes in connectivity following cell death to signaling pathway stuff involving astroglial cell atrophy. It's not a uniform parameter throughout the brain like temperature in simulated annealing.
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So I'd caution against thinking of it too highly as an important explanatory variable.
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