Stress increases glucocorticoids in the brain (cortisol in humans, corticosterone in rodents). Long exposure neurodegenerative effects: mitrochondrial dysfunction, cell atrophy & death, hyperphosphorylation of cytoskeletal Tau protein which is important for dendrite remodeling
Elevated serotonin, not underproduction, seems to be the problem of mood disorders, although we're really bad at measuring it in the CNS. Acute administration of SSRIs makes it worse. After chronic administration, some compensatory mechanisms must reduce serotonin levels.
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BDNF is a peptide hormone which acts as a growth factor for neurons. Acute administration of SSRIs like fluoxetine reduces BDNF. This https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16842762 is the only thing I know about how chronic SSRI administration increases BDNF transcription
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I think plasticity can mean lots of things, from dendritic remodeling to changes in connectivity following cell death to signaling pathway stuff involving astroglial cell atrophy. It's not a uniform parameter throughout the brain like temperature in simulated annealing.
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