Why you should upgrade to #PostgreSQL v13 (at least). The size of an index on 10m bigints, all the same value:
v10: 214MB
v13: 66MB
Nearly all non-unique indexes will benefit from this.
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Unique indexes will also benefit because deduplication will absorb implementation-level duplicates from version churn. Dedup is very general purpose; it's not just a more flexible bitmap index feature. Postgres MVCC design makes all this close to free - VACUUM has its advantages.