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As fighting escalates, an important reminder about how--in the absence of any accountability or efforts to prevent such atrocities--retaliatory attacks have fueled cycles of revenge and conflict in Afghanistan.https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/jul/09/taliban-sweep-through-herat-province-as-afghan-advance-continues …
There has never, never been any accountability for any of these crimes-- a fact that has helped entrench impunity and ensure that the cycles of revenge continue. https://www.afghanistan-analysts.org/en/special-reports/tell-us-how-this-ends-transitional-justice-and-prospects-for-peace-in-afghanistan/ …pic.twitter.com/UEIBrEnvIf
One of the earliest--from 1979, before the Soviet invasion, PDPA forces retaliated against Kerala villagers in Kunar for their perceived support for the mujahidin. 1,000 men and boys were massacred. The alleged perpetrator is safe in the Netherlands. https://www.global-geneva.com/a-long-tale-have-40-years-of-reporting-made-any-difference-to-afghanistans-unwinnable-war/ …pic.twitter.com/jJxsI4IynI
Soviet forces carried out many retaliatory killings, notably in Kunduz province in 1985 when some 500 residents were killed, including many children. No one was held accountable. https://www.hrw.org/reports/1985/afghan1285.pdf …pic.twitter.com/85evMAwlwc
In the fighting in Kabul 1992-1995 there were many tit-for-tat retaliatory killings and rapes notably by Ittihad, Jamiat, Junbish and Wahdat forces. Some of the leaders are in positions of power today. No one has ever been held accountable. https://www.hrw.org/reports/2005/afghanistan0605/afghanistan0605.pdf …pic.twitter.com/xhDSbjthM9
Many armed groups massacred prisoners--a grave violation of the laws of war, though one that some people seem to disregard. In 1997 Junbish forces killed 3,000 prisoners-- shot in the desert or grenaded in wells. The commander in charge is safe in Kabul.https://www.opensocietyfoundations.org/publications/casting-shadows-war-crimes-and-crimes-against-humanity-1978-2001 …
The Taliban carried out a series of massacres as they took control of the north including in Mazar-e Sharif, Sar-e Pul, Rabatak, Shamali, Bamiyan, Yakaolang. No one was held accountable.pic.twitter.com/RcUV50ldnj
Retaliations against civilians continued after 2001, as Jamiat, Junbish, and Wahdat fighters targeted civilians in the north they accused of supporting the Taliban. No one was held accountable for these atrocities either. https://www.hrw.org/reports/2002/afghan2/afghan0402.pdf …pic.twitter.com/W6sPcX0qhw
Recent years have seen a shocking new level of attacks on civilians-- some carried out by the Taliban and some by the Islamic State. (photo: © 2017 Andrew Quilty) https://youtu.be/SZMpGmpkxIY pic.twitter.com/o2GwlfO5nz
and now as more districts change hands the risk of more retaliations rises. https://www.hrw.org/news/2021/07/07/afghanistan-taliban-forcibly-displace-civilians …pic.twitter.com/wDI7OzmPwZ
As we say here, the conflict in Afghanistan has been marked by a laundry list of war crimes and possible crimes against humanity. None of the parties to the conflict have demonstrated the will to prevent such abuses.https://www.hrw.org/news/2020/06/11/icc-investigation-vital-justice-afghanistan …
Over the years, the UN and diplomatic missions failed to press for investigations into these abuses, preferring instead not to "rock the boat." It's high time the UN did so, by mandating a fact-finding mission into recent attacks on civilians in Kabul. https://www.hrw.org/news/2021/07/02/un-should-investigate-deadly-attacks-afghan-civilians …pic.twitter.com/sTYVooLqvN
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