Aside as an anthropologist here: the Ik people have an explicit connotation linked with their word for ‘risk’, which is the risk of losing one’s temper & thus separating oneself from one’s community. Wandering off into the bush on one’s own = near certain death for them.
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Your sociometer: the ACC acts like a traffic light. A checking system to put a hold on an over emotional reaction & consider what response might best serve our needs or even the needs of others. It must learn the overt rules in outside world & it may need to resolve a conflict.
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The insula is involved with risk assessment & in partnership with the ACC it identifies situations to go with or avoid. Linked with emotions of disgust, risk-aversive behavior & Go/NoGo priors.
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Sociometer network: situations leading to lower social esteem associated with activity in ACC & insula; situations that boost self-esteem associated with ACC & stratium.
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Us versus Them: Human brains are inveterate categorisers & have myriad ways of sorting themselves & others into groups - be it by age, ethnicity, football team, social status or gender. And this isn't just a labelling exercise; it changes social processes...
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'The prior that the brain will establish will reflect what seems to be one of the most important parts of our social behaviour: sorting out the in-group from the out-group' p. 134. Medial prefrontal cortex involved in tying the groups we feel we belong to, to our personal ID.
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The medial prefrontal cortex, the ACC, & the temporoparietal junction (TPJ) are involved with understanding & decoding the movement of others, an 'intentionality detector'. A 'mirror system' in the brain allows us to run simulations of what people are doing to know their feelings
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"The information our social brains are sifting through will not always be a closely detailed & nuanced profile of each & every individual or situation we encounter. In fact it is much more likely to be a broad-brush shorthand sketch of 'people like me' or 'people like them' p.136
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The brain processes social categories (stereotypes) differently from the way it processes other more general semantic knowledge. Activities that involve stereotyping activate additional processing for elaborating on the basic facts.
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Replying to @CathrynTownsend @twitemp1
Hi Cathryn! My work is in cognitive computational neuroscience and specifically on human and animal categorization, thanks for thinking of me/us. Esther also does similar work in animal learning and neuroscience.
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Were you hoping for some input/our perspective or just as an FYI? 
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Input & perspectives would be very welcome - but certainly not expected! I'm especially interested in stereotype learning, as this is central to so many aspects of anthropology. Also both stereotype threat & stereotype accuracy are widely misunderstood so would be good to discuss
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