Ryuya Nakamura

@nrryuya

Lead Researcher working on blockchain security/scalability. Univ. of Tokyo.

Tokyo, Japan
ethresear.ch/u/nrryuya
Vrijeme pridruživanja: travanj 2012.
18 fotografija ili videozapisa Fotografije i videozapisi

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  1. Prikvačeni tweet
    24. tra 2019.

    We published our first paper on our work on CBC Casper: "Refinement and Verification of CBC Casper! 👻🚀 I also published a Medium article about CBC Casper and our work.

    15 replies 37 proslijeđenih tweetova 130 korisnika označava da im se sviđa
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  2. 1. velj

    Slide (Japanese) 発表スライドはこちらです。

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  3. 1. velj

    Shared my research on blockchain consensus at the largest security conference in Japan. SCIS@高知にて研究発表を行いました。今年も継続的に学会発表を行い、パブリックチェーンやLayerXの事業の現場での技術研究を広く紹介していきたいです。

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  4. 24. sij

    Propose a framework to construct a finality gadget for blockchains. We can use Tendermint, Hotstuff, CBC Casper, etc. to provide finality for a given Nakamoto-style blockchain, depending on the use-case.

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  5. 23. sij

    Point: We can't guarantee 2f + 1 nodes (which intersects with the honest set) keep the newly certified block as its candidate for the next proposal. 3-phase locking in Hotstuff solves this because you know 2f + 1 observed that in the 2nd phase if you locked in the 3rd phase.

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  6. 23. sij

    My 1 slide explanation about why Tendermint must wait for 2Δ in view-change, unlike the responsive view-change in Hotstuff.

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  7. 21. sij

    This is the end! I hope this helps researchers and developers to find out the things they want.

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  8. 21. sij

    14) Cross-chain protocols are related to light clients because they are often based on the same primitive to verify the state/event of a remote chain called chain relays. Also, there are various works on atomic cross-chain swaps.

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  9. 21. sij

    13) Another hot Layer1 topic will be cross-chain/interoperability. The demand comes not only from the public chain community (e.g., ETH-BTC swaps) but also enterprise projects, which start with a consortium chain and then connect to more open chains.

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  10. 21. sij

    12) Papers on PoS incentives eventually appear. Incentives of consensus significantly affect users, e.g., censorship on TXs or front-runnings. Other topics of economics include TX fees, stable coins, etc.

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  11. 21. sij

    11) Next, economics and incentives! Incentives of Bitcoin's mining has been analyzed a lot, including the famous "selfish mining" strategy, showing rational miners can deviate from the protocol. More topics: bribing miners, mining pools, etc.

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  12. 21. sij

    10) Formal verification can be used to prove the security of them. Contrary to its widespread application for smart contracts, there are various challenges to use FV for consensus. Especially, the liveness of chain-based consensus seems hard to prove.

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  13. 21. sij

    9) Too many protocols? There are a bunch of "Systematization of Knowledge" papers that summarize proposals for blockchain.

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  14. 21. sij

    8) Other scaling proposals parallelize execution either by leveraging DAG structures or extending multiple chains simultaneously.

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  15. 21. sij

    7) Sharding, a blockchain scaling solution being developed in the open-source community, started to appear at top security conferences in academia from 2018. The gap between them will eventually be narrowed.

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  16. 21. sij

    6) Similarly, GHOST (a fork-choice rule for high block rate, 2013) keeps being analyzed. A common misconception (even among academics) is that the current Ethreum uses GHOST, but it uses the longest-chain rule. Eth 2.0 uses its variant called LMD GHOST.

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  17. 21. sij

    5) Regardless of these new proposals, papers on the historical Bitcoin's consensus continue to appear, especially with a cleverer way of proofs or different security assumptions. I personally enjoyed this elegant proof by Ling Ren.

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  18. 21. sij

    4) Also, CBC Casper (my favorite) can directly construct a deterministic chain-based protocol. Another notable consensus protocol "in the wild" will be Avalanche.

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  19. 21. sij

    3) The "finality gadget" approach, adopted by three public blockchains (Eth 2.0, Polkadot, and NEAR), combines the two families; the BFT component deterministically finalizes a given Nakamoto-style blockchain. This idea initially proposed by Casper FFG.

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  20. 21. sij

    2) Another family of consensus protocols customizes traditional BFT protocols like PBFT to blockchain settings. Some proposals assume synchrony e.g., Dfinity.

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  21. 21. sij

    1) First, consensus protocols! There is a *chain-based* family of protocols, derived from the Bitcoin's longest-chain rule (Nakamoto consensus). Many recent works are designed for proof-of-stake settings and differ in block proposers are elected.

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