Fascinating little tidbit: the EPA estimated the implementation cost of the Clean Air Act from 1970 to 1990 as costing about $523 billion 1990 dollars. That's about 1% of US GDP over the same period.
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The reason this is interesting: looking at the NAS's recent report on negative carbon emission technologies, many cost less than $20 per tonne of CO2 removed. The US produces ~5 Gt of CO2/yr. If the $20 was scalable, that would be well under 1% of GDP. ( https://www.nap.edu/catalog/25259/negative-emissions-technologies-and-reliable-sequestration-a-research-agenda … )
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Of course "If scalable" is bearing a huge load in that tweet!
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Replying to @michael_nielsen
Are tech solutions more likely to increase or decrease in cost over time?
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Replying to @RealtimeAI @michael_nielsen
Scott Leibrand Retweeted Scott Leibrand
Most of the <~$20/tCO2 solutions have limited capacity (land constraints etc.). DAC is the major exception, which costs ~$100/tCO2 and has ~unlimited capacity and is instead limited by capex and energy costs, both of which will come down over time.https://twitter.com/scottleibrand/status/1095478861880389633?s=21 …
Scott Leibrand added,
Scott Leibrand @scottleibrandReplying to @Marcusdstewart @ramez @jgkoomeyGlobal thermostat claims they’ll hit $100/ton at their Huntsville plant that is already under construction, and could do $75/ton if they put it near a source of waste heat: https://physicstoday.scitation.org/doi/pdf/10.1063/PT.3.4018 …1 reply 0 retweets 4 likes -
Replying to @scottleibrand @RealtimeAI
Thanks. I don't have a good handle yet on scalability - there seem to be a lot of potential options, many are in their early days, and (ofc) most won't pan out. Ofc, most don't need to.
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Replying to @michael_nielsen @RealtimeAI
This 350-page free PDF does an excellent job of covering everything in way more detail than I’ve seen anywhere else. I’ve only read the DAC section so far, and it’s very good. Looking forward to the others. Thanks for sharing it.
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The key insight that most people seem to be missing is that $100/tCO2 DAC puts an upper bound of about $1/gallon of gasoline/kerosene/diesel on what it’ll cost to fully decarbonize and get to net zero CO2 emissions, even w/o new tech for aviation, steel, cement, agriculture, etc.
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Yeah. It's interesting to think about other options at prices below that. Nearing $1/t it starts to make sense for single affected countries (say the Netherlands or some consortium) to consider just paying for a solution outright. Like a defense budget, but for water.
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The budget for water infrastructure in the Netherlands, Venice, New Orleans etc already runs into the billions I believe.
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Replying to @michael_nielsen @RealtimeAI
One close analogy might be ocean alkalization / alkalinization, which could allow countries like Australia to protect the alkalinity of waters around important reefs while permanently sequestering CO2. But apparently that was outside the scope of this document.
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