10 in base 10 is 1010 in base 2. Can you think of any other pairs (n, b) where n in base 10 is nn in base b?
Anyway, we can rewrite the first expression like so: 10x + y = xb^3 + yb^2 + xb + y 10 = b^3 + (y/x)b^2 + b (y/x)b^2 = 10 - (b^3 + b) But 2 is the only value of b for which b^3 + b <= 10. Thus I have to conclude that (10, 2) is in fact the only solution.
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However, if we generalize base 10 to base c, there are an infinite number of solutions. The expression becomes: c = b^3 + (y/x)b^3 + b With y = 0, there are obviously infinite solutions to c = b^3 + b, e.g. 20_30 = 2020_3. Or with x = 1, y = 1, 11_84 = 1111_4.
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