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Truscott (1999) says that students are most aware of their metalinguistic knowledge, which is easily affected by correction but has very limited relation to language usage. Easy for learners to believe that a correction has helped them when in fact it had no effect on performance
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Many mistakes are definitely not by choice. Language is a convention and we need to learn that convention communicate. No need to demonize mistakes as they're inevitable if you are not there yet, but we should also develop methods that result in high communication ability.
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I don’t know if you mean error correction of written or spoken language, but this is clearly not an easy area to study. How could one ever produce an entirely reliable study? So we resort to metastudies which (apart from Truscott) seem to show some effect for corrective feedback.
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