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Video showing the analog computer's digital counter, wired to the 100 Hz clock, counting down from 255. The digital section has some intermittent problems, maybe due to oxidized connectors. The oscillator quit working shortly after this video.pic.twitter.com/SoQ7xekutZ
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The analog computer we're restoring has a digital section with eight flip flops and 8-bit counter. We replaced bad capacitors in the power supply.Also replaced a burnt-out bulb with the last spare we had, but another burned out a few minutes later :-(pic.twitter.com/xSstQPuxzv
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Ken Shirriff proslijedio/la je TweetHvala. Twitter će to iskoristiti za poboljšanje vaše vremenske crte. PoništiPoništi
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I explain how the Soyuz space clock works in
@curious_marc's latest video. Includes closeups of the circuitry in this Soviet digital clock from 1984.https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GmetgNPL-HQ …Hvala. Twitter će to iskoristiti za poboljšanje vaše vremenske crte. PoništiPoništi -
Another die shot of Am2901 bit-slice processor. In this one, I dissolved the metal layers so you can see the silicon transistors. Compare with original photo. Register file in center, 4-bit ALU in lower right. Empty regions used for buses. Bipolar transistors look like rectanglespic.twitter.com/Z8v9jQiHH5
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Die photo of an AMD Am2901 bit-slice processor, used in minicomputers such as the PDP 11/44. The 4-bit chips were combined to process larger words. The chip used bipolar transistors, not CMOS. Two layers of metal on the die. Chip was introduced in 1975, this die dated 1983.pic.twitter.com/b8Im29U3im
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The Soyuz spacecraft used a digital clock on the control panel. Surprisingly complex, the clock had over 100 ICs and a switching power supply crammed inside. I open the clock and explain what all these chips do. Details: http://www.righto.com/2020/01/inside-digital-clock-from-soyuz.html …pic.twitter.com/qG0h19Yo5q
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Nice tiger chip art on Dallas Semiconductor wafer from 1987. Interesting NPN/PNP transistor test circuit as well as feature widths from 50 μm down to 1 μm. "I'd rather be modeling." The 9256 and 2256 part numbers don't match products; maybe this was a development wafer?pic.twitter.com/ozLpsK0IIM
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Unusual Dallas Semiconductor wafer is entirely test circuitry, with 20 test blocks repeated over the wafer. Everything from transistors of different sizes to flash memory cells. Not shown: resistors of many types, anti-fuses, capacitors, isolation, and other chip structures.pic.twitter.com/W67ofXGyVF
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I'm a couple of weeks late with this Christmas tweet, but here's a punch card wreath. These were a thing in the 1960s when computers used punch cards.
@ComputerHistorypic.twitter.com/5bRr22MYLb
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Continuing repairs of the card reader/punch
@ComputerHistory. The punch unit has many belts, gears, and cams, and they all need to be exactly timed to the angle of the driveshaft so cards are punched without jamming. A dial (photo 2) shows the angle in the punch cycle.pic.twitter.com/KdaPuhhUEO
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The Dallas Semiconductor 2435 is a three-pin chip to identify a battery and sense its temperature over 1-wire interface. The die is surprisingly complex and has some interesting chip art: a padlock labeled "Security Products", a DIP with thermometer, and a battery(?) with dog tagpic.twitter.com/GxfUdnzYoI
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Merry punch-card Christmas! I punched this card on the IBM 1401 computer and the 1402 card reader/punch. Punch cards normally don't have a hole pattern like this, so I used the "column binary" feature. IBM charged $101 per month extra for column binary support.pic.twitter.com/f6Lv1EKsUf
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Analog computer restoration update. Hooked up an integrator using the patch panel and got a smooth ramp. Two integrators solve second order differential equation; solution is sine and cosine waves. Two speeds: drawing takes seconds on slow speed, sub-millisecond on fast speed.pic.twitter.com/ynv3Tbbmkh
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Restoration of 1969 analog computer update: powered it up and used an op amp to multiply by 10. Input: .7V on potentiometer, output 7V. It is programmed by plugging patch cables into the patch panel. Next step integration, but will need more patch cables.pic.twitter.com/JoW1NxI8Q5
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Restoring an analog computer from 1969; we fixed the precision power supply. Large transformers and 8 complex cards in the power supply, but no manual, so I had to reverse-engineer it. One board has high-precision 0.01% (not 1%) resistors. http://www.righto.com/2019/11/understanding-and-repairing-power.html …pic.twitter.com/n4gy2zPWM1
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Mysterious "Micropositioner" artifact showed up
@ComputerHistory. Opened it up and it's not a positioner, but a highly-sensitive polarized relay from the 1950s, activated by 40μA. Inside, someone left a folded-up note documenting the pinout. It has tube-style octal pins.pic.twitter.com/UF3k5bypje
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The IBM 360/20 mainframe stored microcode on a stack of Mylar sheets with transformers. Holes punched through the wiring in the sheet created paths through or around the transformers for 1's or 0's. My writeup on TROS (Transformer Read-Only Storage): http://www.righto.com/2019/11/tros-how-ibm-mainframes-stored.html …pic.twitter.com/Kfp2BJdOe4
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Inside a sonic delay line, 50 feet of coiled nickel wire provides 5ms delay for sound pulses. This stored 11 kilobits of pixel data in IBM's 1965 video terminal. Transducers (center, lower left) generated and detected pulses. Thanks to Alan Park for photo. http://www.righto.com/2019/11/ibm-sonic-delay-lines-and-history-of.html …pic.twitter.com/IcWLeo4OKY
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A 1965 IBM terminal used sonic delay lines for memory. It stored pixels as sound pulses that traveled along a long nickel wire, but vibrations from heavy footsteps could corrupt the display. The full story of how it led to 80x24 and 80x25 displays: http://www.righto.com/2019/11/ibm-sonic-delay-lines-and-history-of.html …pic.twitter.com/OB4JDEWUCZ
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