They are man-made and placed in a dizzying array of products: food packaging, nonstick pans, clothing, furniture. You have almost definitely ingested some amount of them. (Most Americans have at least a small amount of these chemicals in their blood.)
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Defense Department studies dating to the 1970s indicated that the substances were harmful to laboratory animals, according to an investigation by
@xroederx and@JakobRodgers.https://gazette.com/health/toxic-legacy-air-force-studies-dating-back-decades-show-danger/article_024f688b-9f1e-5395-9819-dc97cf71bf9d.html …Show this thread -
The Army Corps of Engineers told Fort Carson to stop using the foam in 1991, calling it “harmful to the environment.”
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In 2000, under pressure from the E.P.A., 3M phased out production of some of the PFAS compounds, announcing that they could “could potentially pose a risk to human health.” Five years later, the E.P.A. declared that another compound was “likely to be carcinogenic to humans.”
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But the military continued to use firefighting foams containing the chemicals because E.P.A. doesn’t regulate them.
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Industry officials have said they are following E.P.A. rules, while the E.P.A. has said it is still exploring regulation.
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“You know the Shaggy song, ‘It wasn’t me’?’” one lawyer told me. “It’s like that.”
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Then something dramatic happened. (Dramatic in the world of chemical regulation.) Around 2015, the E.P.A. started asking some communities to test their water for two types of PFAS. This was a step toward possible regulation.
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Suddenly, military families around the country began learning that they had been drinking water polluted by the very government they were serving. There was fear, outrage and a mad scramble for answers.
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The fear, outrage and mad scramble for answers continues. Which is where our story picks up.
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End of conversation
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