Katie Bauer!

Yes, visible work is a form of currency within a company--it gives you a lot of leverage, so long as it's balanced with the ability to make investments back into your own team's operational capabilities

Probably every DS has worked with stakeholders who had high expectations of speed and quality and no appreciation for the supporting infra. Visible work is great until stakeholder demands start drowning the folks on the frontline

How you think about maintaining this balance will be specific to your team and company, but it's worth talking about factors that influence your tilt towards visibility or team investment, as well as what stakeholders perceive your utilization rate to be

Impact vs. level of effort is an alright starting place but IMO too high level. When thinking about what work to take on, here are four other dimensions to consider, roughly in order of increasing visibility to stakeholders (probably on an ordinal rather than continuous scale)

First: what is the state of your supporting infra for this stakeholder request? The 90-bajillion-percent of DS time is spent cleaning data is a direct consequence of this. If the data is shit quality or no one has ever worked with this data before, your infra will slow you down

A DS's visible hours will be much lower if they have to do a significant amount of data cleaning or infra set up. This will impact the stakeholders perceived utilization rate, so TELL THEM if this is the situation.

Second: what is the skillset of the DS team? This is partly about subject matter expertise, which has a huge impact on how quickly a DS can solve a problem, but it's also about the seniority of a particular DS.

Juniors need more help structuring work and identifying relevant datasets and techniques. Stakeholders rarely know the difference (and probably don't even know the level of a DS), so it might not occur to them that a given DS really IS spending all their time on an project

Third: the interests and morale of your team can have a big impact on how much effort they give to a stakeholder request. Stakeholders might not care if a DS feels like a project is growing their skills, or if the DS feels burnt out from always fielding urgent inbounds

But they CAN tell if a DS's heart is not in something. Interest and morale are more visible to them than the former two points, and even if they're getting what they need from a DS, they may still think a DS is not spending enough time on their work if the DS seems unengaged

Thus, DS managers should keep an eye on interest and morale. You can't always give your team the work they most want, but when the team can give energy to a project it's perceived as spending the right amount of time on it, even if the DS is spending a lot of time on other things

And fourth is the compatibility of a DS and their stakeholder. Not every pairing of personalities will work well together, and as a DS manager, you can only do so much to smooth that over.

There are many ways that a chronically unhappy team member makes your life as a manager difficult. And a stakeholder who's dissatisfied with the level of service they receive from that unhappy DS can also find many ways to make life hellish

If your team is unhappy or your stakeholders are unhappy, you're in for a rough time, and it only gets rougher when they're at each other's throats. If working with a stakeholder makes a DS bristle, the stakeholder will think a DS is using their time poorly almost no matter what

Avoiding personality mismatches is a good way to control perceived utilization rates up front, and in general, will save the manager a lot of interpersonal-drama-induced headaches.

Each of these four things is a rich topic in and of itself, and even though they're not all equally visible, each has an impact on how stakeholders perceive a DS's work. DS managers don't necessarily have to talk about these factors, but they absolutely should keep them in mind

Visibility is an important organizational currency to accrue, but it's a currency that's also easy to spend quickly. Investing in your team and infra will enable you to expand breadth and depth of your team's work, and make it possible to do even more visible work in the future