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hugohanoi's profile
Hugo Nguyen
Hugo Nguyen
Hugo Nguyen
@hugohanoi

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Hugo Nguyen

@hugohanoi

I chain, therefore I am ⛓️

Joined April 2012

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    1. Hugo Nguyen‏ @hugohanoi Jun 7

      1/ Thread on variance. PoW mining is critical to Bitcoin network security. Mining, in turn, is subject to 3 major sources of variance, from (roughly) easiest to tame to hardest: i/ Finding blocks via SHA256 hashing ii/ Market demand (for BTC & transactions) iii/ Tech innovation

      2 replies 17 retweets 55 likes
      Show this thread
    2. Hugo Nguyen‏ @hugohanoi Jun 7

      2/ Quick note: contrary to popular belief that miners are bad & evil, they are vital to Bitcoin’s survival. So it’s imperative to foster a healthy mining industry.

      2 replies 1 retweet 15 likes
      Show this thread
    3. Hugo Nguyen‏ @hugohanoi Jun 7

      3/ The best miners would be the ones who understand the nature of these variances & know how to handle them most effectively.

      1 reply 0 retweets 4 likes
      Show this thread
      Hugo Nguyen‏ @hugohanoi Jun 7

      4/ For variance in finding blocks: For small solo-miners, the variance in finding blocks (& consequently, the variance in payouts) is too great to make mining practical.

      4:55 PM - 7 Jun 2018
      • 6 Likes
      • Alan Schramm⚡ Damien Donnelly Sar Haribhakti Michael ¯\_(ツ)_/¯⚡️ Kevin ''Thuggish'' Pham
      1 reply 0 retweets 6 likes
        1. New conversation
        2. Hugo Nguyen‏ @hugohanoi Jun 7

          5/ Fortunately, hashing is a Poisson process. This means that on average there are 10 mins between blocks. The larger your hash rate, the closer you’ll get to this ~10 min/block average, and the more stable your payout curve.

          2 replies 0 retweets 6 likes
          Show this thread
        3. Hugo Nguyen‏ @hugohanoi Jun 7

          Hugo Nguyen Retweeted Hugo Nguyen

          6/ Solution for variance in finding blocks: join a pool. Currently, Stratum pools are popular. The downside of Stratum pools is that miners give up the right to propose blocks & harm decentralization. With BetterHash proposal, this will hopefully change.https://twitter.com/hugohanoi/status/1004455570953330689 …

          Hugo Nguyen added,

          Hugo Nguyen @hugohanoi
          @TheBlueMatt's brilliant proposal that separates 1/ block construction process from 2/ payout process. You'll still get the benefit of connecting to a pool (stable payouts) while not conceding the right to propose a block. Best of both worlds solution that will help d14n. 💪💪 https://twitter.com/TheBlueMatt/status/1004106026721972224 …
          2 replies 0 retweets 9 likes
          Show this thread
        4. Hugo Nguyen‏ @hugohanoi Jun 7

          7/ For variance in market demand: In early-stage Bitcoin, block rewards subsidize network growth & hash rate is a direct function of price. In late-stage Bitcoin, hash rate is a function of price AND transaction (tx) volume - which together make up the fees.

          1 reply 0 retweets 8 likes
          Show this thread
        5. Hugo Nguyen‏ @hugohanoi Jun 7

          8/ In both stages there’s an incredible amount of volatility. These things (market sentiment and real world usage) are cyclical in nature: they ebb & flow.

          1 reply 0 retweets 4 likes
          Show this thread
        6. Hugo Nguyen‏ @hugohanoi Jun 7

          9/ Demand for BTC typically increases during economic & political crises. Tx volume increases where there’s more economic activity done in BTC. Layer 2 adoption (LN) would eventually drive up on-chain activity. 
Vice versa, demand for BTC & transactions can also decrease.

          1 reply 0 retweets 7 likes
          Show this thread
        7. Hugo Nguyen‏ @hugohanoi Jun 7

          10/ I suspect that the issue of variance in on-chain tx volume will come to the forefront once block rewards run out (soon).

          1 reply 0 retweets 5 likes
          Show this thread
        8. Hugo Nguyen‏ @hugohanoi Jun 7

          11/ Potential solution for variance in market demand: use financial hedges such as insurance and/or future contracts.

          1 reply 0 retweets 3 likes
          Show this thread
        9. Hugo Nguyen‏ @hugohanoi Jun 7

          12/ Similar to how farmers use future contracts to insulate themselves from bad weather/harvest, miners can use future contracts to insulate themselves from price + tx volume variance.

          1 reply 1 retweet 4 likes
          Show this thread
        10. Hugo Nguyen‏ @hugohanoi Jun 7

          13/ There’s also potential for AI/deep learning applications. E.g.: an AI-driven prediction engine can help a miner decide when is the best time to increase or decrease hedging position w.r.t. price + tx volume.

          1 reply 1 retweet 5 likes
          Show this thread
        11. Hugo Nguyen‏ @hugohanoi Jun 7

          14/ For variance in innovation: Mining is inherently a high-risk business due to large CAPEX cost. Your hardware can go out of date before you can recoup the initial investment.

          1 reply 0 retweets 5 likes
          Show this thread
        12. Hugo Nguyen‏ @hugohanoi Jun 7

          15/ ASIC design is a subset of IC design, which has roughly followed Moore’s law for the last four decades. 
However, there are signs that Moore’s law is breaking down as we reach the limits of “miniaturization at atomic levels.”

          1 reply 0 retweets 4 likes
          Show this thread
        13. Hugo Nguyen‏ @hugohanoi Jun 7

          16/ It took us 2 1/2 years to go from 22nm to 14nm (April 2012-Sep2014). It took us almost another 3 years to go from 14nm to 10nm (Sep2014-April2017) - not without problems.

          1 reply 1 retweet 6 likes
          Show this thread
        14. Hugo Nguyen‏ @hugohanoi Jun 7

          Hugo Nguyen Retweeted CoinDesk

          17/ GMO is rumored to have started looking into 7nm ASICs. It'd be curious to see performance benchmarks in June, as this seems to be *well ahead* of the chip industry.https://twitter.com/coindesk/status/999578504550330369 …

          Hugo Nguyen added,

          CoinDeskVerified account @coindesk
          Tech Giant GMO to Roll Out World's First 7nm Bitcoin Miner http://bit.ly/2IJ2rC6  pic.twitter.com/6TE0612mZw
          1 reply 0 retweets 3 likes
          Show this thread
        15. Hugo Nguyen‏ @hugohanoi Jun 7

          18/ Nevertheless, the trend is clear: we’re running into hard limits.
a/ Practical limits of minimization. b/ Beyond these limits are other limits: energy efficiency limits, computational speed limits.

          1 reply 1 retweet 2 likes
          Show this thread
        16. Hugo Nguyen‏ @hugohanoi Jun 7

          19/ So what’s the best strategy for miners here? Absence of a major tech breakthrough, when we run into these limits, ASICs will likely become commoditized. In which case this variance will resolve itself out.

          2 replies 1 retweet 5 likes
          Show this thread
        17. Hugo Nguyen‏ @hugohanoi Jun 7

          20/ However, in the short to medium term, miners probably need large investments in chip design / manufacturing / supply chain to stay ahead of the curve.

          1 reply 0 retweets 4 likes
          Show this thread
        18. End of conversation

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