“That’s not to diminish the problem. Brazil’s new President Bolsonaro is the latest authoritarian example.” ~ @KenRoth #Rights2019
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“Rather than retreat alongside the larger powers, they stepped forward and assumed greater responsibility, especially at the UN Human Rights Council. In the process, the established several new and important precedents.” ~
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“For example, with respect to Myanmar, the possibility of a Chinese, Russian, or even American veto at the UN Security Council appeared to doom any effort torefer to the ICC the army’s crimes against humanity that sent 700,000 Rohingya fleeing to Bangladesh”
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“In response, the Human Rights Council, where there is no veto, created for the first time an investigative mechanism to preserve evidence, identify those responsible, and build cases for prosecution once a tribunal becomes available.” ~
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“That signaled that these atrocities cannot be committed with impunity.” ~
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“In an unusual partnership, the 57-member Organisation of Islamic Cooperation joined the European Union to co-present the council’s resolution on the Rohingya.” ~
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“Until Myanmar’s ethnic cleansing of the Rohingya, the OIC had never supported a resolution criticizing a country other than Israel.” ~
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“With respect to the war crimes in Yemen, the Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, Ireland, and Canada took the lead, as the Human Rights Council rejected Saudi Arabia’s heavy-handed effort to avoid scrutiny of the war crimes in Yemen.” ~
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“Despite Saudi threats of economic retaliation, the Council continued an international investigation started last year.” ~
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“For the first time, the UN Human Rights Council condemned the severe repression in Venezuela under Maduro. A group of Latin American nations sponsored that effort.” ~
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“The US departure from the council under Trump ironically made it easier to succeed, because it let the resolution sponsors show they were addressing Venezuela as a matter of principle rather than as a tool of Washington’s ideology.” ~
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“A group of Latin American governments led by Argentina also organized in the context of the Human Rights Council the first joint statement on the worsening repression in Nicaragua, as President Ortega responded with violence to growing protests against his repressive rule.”
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“Apart from the Human Rights Council, the International Criminal Court remained important. Five Latin American governments and Canada urged it to open an investigation of crimes in Venezuela…” ~
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“This was the first time that any government has sought an ICC investigation of crimes that took place entirely outside its territory. France and Germany, among others, supported the move.” ~
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“The ICC also pursued a novel idea for pursuing Myanmar generals. Even though Myanmar isn’t an ICC member, the ICC is examining the crime of ‘deportation,’ on the theory that that crime wasn’t completed until the Rohingya arrived in Bangladesh, which is an ICC member.”
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“Governments also acted to strengthen the Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons.” ~
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“Traditionally, the OPCW was empowered to determine only whether chemical weapons had been used, not who used them.”
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“Russia opposed any international investigation that could attribute responsibility because it backed the Syrian govt as it repeatedly used chemical weapons, and because Russia itself apparently used the Novichok nerve agent in an attempted assassination in Britain”
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“But in an initiative led by France and Britain, member states voting to grant the OPCW the mandate to begin identifying the users of chemical weapons.” ~
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“In the EU, a process that could end in the imposition of political sanctions under Article 7 of the EU Treaty was launched—by the European Commission in the case of Poland, for undermining the independence of the judiciary …”
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“…and by a two-thirds majority of the European Parliament in the case of Hungary, for undermining democracy.” ~
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“Although Poland and Hungary have the power under unanimity rules to shield each other from the actual imposition of such sanctions, the Article 7 process lays the groundwork for using the leverage provided by the EU’s next five-year budget.” ~
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“Poland is the largest recipient of EU funds, and Hungary is among the largest per capita recipients.” ~
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“Both have used these funds for their political advantage, so momentum is building within the EU to stop generously funding their attacks on the EU’s core democratic values.” ~
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“Notably, Germany will have the presidency of the EU at the decisive moment in the second half of 2020.”
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“In Syria, a new bloodbath was averted through multilateral pressure.” ~
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“Three million civilians in Syria’s northwestern Idlib province were at risk of slaughter as the Syrian-Russian military alliance threatened an offensive using their typically indiscriminate bombardment.” ~
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“The Kremlin held the keys to whether this feared massacre of civilians proceeded because the Syrian military was incapable of sustaining an offensive without Russian aerial support.” ~
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“Intensive European pressure on the Russian government ultimately persuaded Putin to agree to a ceasefire in Idlib, beginning in September.” ~
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“So far, that ceasefire has held, despite Trump’s announcement of the planned withdrawal of U.S. troops from a separate area in northeast Syria.” ~
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“The aftermath of the Saudi government’s gruesome murder of Jamal Khashoggi provided another example of multilateral pressure.” ~
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