Skip to content
  • Home Home Home, current page.
  • Moments Moments Moments, current page.

Saved searches

  • Remove
  • In this conversation
    Verified accountProtected Tweets @
Suggested users
  • Verified accountProtected Tweets @
  • Verified accountProtected Tweets @
  • Language: English
    • Bahasa Indonesia
    • Bahasa Melayu
    • Català
    • Čeština
    • Dansk
    • Deutsch
    • English UK
    • Español
    • Filipino
    • Français
    • Hrvatski
    • Italiano
    • Magyar
    • Nederlands
    • Norsk
    • Polski
    • Português
    • Română
    • Slovenčina
    • Suomi
    • Svenska
    • Tiếng Việt
    • Türkçe
    • Ελληνικά
    • Български език
    • Русский
    • Српски
    • Українська мова
    • עִבְרִית
    • العربية
    • فارسی
    • मराठी
    • हिन्दी
    • বাংলা
    • ગુજરાતી
    • தமிழ்
    • ಕನ್ನಡ
    • ภาษาไทย
    • 한국어
    • 日本語
    • 简体中文
    • 繁體中文
  • Have an account? Log in
    Have an account?
    · Forgot password?

    New to Twitter?
    Sign up
firefoxx66's profile
Dr Emma Hodcroft
Dr Emma Hodcroft
Dr Emma Hodcroft
Verified account
@firefoxx66

Tweets

Dr Emma HodcroftVerified account

@firefoxx66

Die Virenjägerin! ☣️🏹🧬 Co-developer of @nextstrain at @ISPMBern @unibern! Using programming & phylogenetics, I study & track viruses. I like ✈️ & 🐈

Switzerland
ispm.unibe.ch/about_us/staff…
Joined March 2009

Tweets

  • © 2022 Twitter
  • About
  • Help Center
  • Terms
  • Privacy policy
  • Cookies
  • Ads info
Dismiss
Previous
Next

Go to a person's profile

Saved searches

  • Remove
  • In this conversation
    Verified accountProtected Tweets @
Suggested users
  • Verified accountProtected Tweets @
  • Verified accountProtected Tweets @

Promote this Tweet

Block

  • Tweet with a location

    You can add location information to your Tweets, such as your city or precise location, from the web and via third-party applications. You always have the option to delete your Tweet location history. Learn more

    Your lists

    Create a new list


    Under 100 characters, optional

    Privacy

    Copy link to Tweet

    Embed this Tweet

    Embed this Video

    Add this Tweet to your website by copying the code below. Learn more

    Add this video to your website by copying the code below. Learn more

    Hmm, there was a problem reaching the server.

    By embedding Twitter content in your website or app, you are agreeing to the Twitter Developer Agreement and Developer Policy.

    Preview

    Why you're seeing this ad

    Log in to Twitter

    · Forgot password?
    Don't have an account? Sign up »

    Sign up for Twitter

    Not on Twitter? Sign up, tune into the things you care about, and get updates as they happen.

    Sign up
    Have an account? Log in »

    Two-way (sending and receiving) short codes:

    Country Code For customers of
    United States 40404 (any)
    Canada 21212 (any)
    United Kingdom 86444 Vodafone, Orange, 3, O2
    Brazil 40404 Nextel, TIM
    Haiti 40404 Digicel, Voila
    Ireland 51210 Vodafone, O2
    India 53000 Bharti Airtel, Videocon, Reliance
    Indonesia 89887 AXIS, 3, Telkomsel, Indosat, XL Axiata
    Italy 4880804 Wind
    3424486444 Vodafone
    » See SMS short codes for other countries

    Confirmation

     

    Welcome home!

    This timeline is where you’ll spend most of your time, getting instant updates about what matters to you.

    Tweets not working for you?

    Hover over the profile pic and click the Following button to unfollow any account.

    Say a lot with a little

    When you see a Tweet you love, tap the heart — it lets the person who wrote it know you shared the love.

    Spread the word

    The fastest way to share someone else’s Tweet with your followers is with a Retweet. Tap the icon to send it instantly.

    Join the conversation

    Add your thoughts about any Tweet with a Reply. Find a topic you’re passionate about, and jump right in.

    Learn the latest

    Get instant insight into what people are talking about now.

    Get more of what you love

    Follow more accounts to get instant updates about topics you care about.

    Find what's happening

    See the latest conversations about any topic instantly.

    Never miss a Moment

    Catch up instantly on the best stories happening as they unfold.

    Dr Emma Hodcroft‏Verified account @firefoxx66 14 May 2020

    What if 2m/6ft is not enough? I'm concerned our 'opening' guidelines & restrictions may not be considering airborne microdroplet transmission of #SARSCoV2 #COVID19 sufficiently. What does that mean? 🗨️🌬️🦠 Let's talk. (Over a safe distance.) 1/23pic.twitter.com/5NzYE3MvYz

    5:12 AM - 14 May 2020
    • 911 Retweets
    • 1,918 Likes
    • Gerwin Bijsterbosch Veerle Vanneste Marc C. A. J. Balk Janneke Terlouw #VoorWeinigCovid Lise 🍀 deceEU Nico El 🏳️‍🌈🏳️‍⚧️🇪🇺#VoorWeinigCovid Amrish Baidjoe
    165 replies 911 retweets 1,918 likes
      1. New conversation
      2. Dr Emma Hodcroft‏Verified account @firefoxx66 14 May 2020

        We've seen a few studies now where groups of people in enclosed spaces with limited air circulation has led to outbreaks of infection. Tracing exact contacts for the entire duration of the event is hard, but in most cases it seems unlikely all infected had direct contact. 2/23

        5 replies 37 retweets 201 likes
        Show this thread
      3. Dr Emma Hodcroft‏Verified account @firefoxx66 14 May 2020

        To be clear from the start: I am *not* discounting other modes of transmission, like closer-contact droplets 💧 & fomites 🚪 (surface transmission). But I feel these are better understood & our strategies consider these heavily already. This thread isn't for those. 3/23

        2 replies 15 retweets 139 likes
        Show this thread
      4. Dr Emma Hodcroft‏Verified account @firefoxx66 14 May 2020

        In a call centre in South Korea, 94/216 employees on a floor (notably - almost all on 1 side of that floor) became infected. The 'attack rate' (proportion who got infected) was 44%. https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/26/8/20-1274_article … 4/23pic.twitter.com/60vww8A2OO

        2 replies 53 retweets 190 likes
        Show this thread
      5. Dr Emma Hodcroft‏Verified account @firefoxx66 14 May 2020

        All household contacts were also traced & tested, & interestingly, the 'secondary attack rate' (number of those who got infected) was 16% - much lower. Even though we might expect direct contact & fomite (infection through surfaces) transmission to be higher in households. 5/23

        2 replies 21 retweets 150 likes
        Show this thread
      6. Dr Emma Hodcroft‏Verified account @firefoxx66 14 May 2020

        In another study, 2 busses went to an outdoor religious event (50 min ride each way). Bus #2 carried the index patient. Attendees mixed at the 150 min event & lunch, but took same bus (same seats) back. 299 ppl attended overall - 67 were on Bus #2 https://tinyurl.com/y7osnlxp  6/23

        1 reply 33 retweets 145 likes
        Show this thread
      7. Dr Emma Hodcroft‏Verified account @firefoxx66 14 May 2020

        30 ppl (excluding index) from the event were diagnosed with #COVID19 - 23 of these were ppl who rode on Bus2. 0 on Bus1, & 7 from the event who didn't arrive on busses (these reported close contact with index patient at event). Bus was air conditioned & recirculating air. 7/23

        2 replies 29 retweets 156 likes
        Show this thread
      8. Dr Emma Hodcroft‏Verified account @firefoxx66 14 May 2020

        Here, index patient is marked 'IP' (row 8). Though being near IP seems to have been risky, people throughout the bus, even quite far away, were infected. (Though many also were not!) Attack rate on Bus2 was 34% vs 10% for overall event. 8/NNpic.twitter.com/b9r0YZI4RD

        3 replies 36 retweets 175 likes
        Show this thread
      9. Dr Emma Hodcroft‏Verified account @firefoxx66 14 May 2020

        In a third study, 1 family (A) from Wuhan infected two other fams (B & C) in an air-conditioned, windowless restaurant. The families overlapped by 50-70 mins in seating. 83 ppl in total ate lunch that day on this floor, over 15 tables. Only 5 in families B & C were infected 9/23

        2 replies 22 retweets 122 likes
        Show this thread
      10. Dr Emma Hodcroft‏Verified account @firefoxx66 14 May 2020

        So overall attack rate is low - 6%. But within flow of the air-con unit (excluding A), a considerable 45%. A1 from family A developed symptoms 1st & is presumed to be index patient, but clearly infection of others in family A may not have been at restaurant. 10/23pic.twitter.com/wM4kgUvJxd

        3 replies 26 retweets 128 likes
        Show this thread
      11. Dr Emma Hodcroft‏Verified account @firefoxx66 14 May 2020

        In this study, distances were smaller, & possibility of spread from others in Family A seemingly can't be ruled out, but the lack of infections in other nearby families (D, E, F) who are not in air-con flow lines is notable. 11/23

        3 replies 16 retweets 111 likes
        Show this thread
      12. Dr Emma Hodcroft‏Verified account @firefoxx66 14 May 2020

        Clearly, other forms of transmission are also important. However, these studies make me concerned that groups in closed spaces with limited air flow could be a risk for #COVID19 #SARSCoV2 transmission. One that isn't covered by surface cleaning & 2m distance guidelines. 12/23

        9 replies 73 retweets 285 likes
        Show this thread
      13. Dr Emma Hodcroft‏Verified account @firefoxx66 14 May 2020

        What do we know about airborne droplet spread? In speaking studies, smaller droplets (green) persist in air much longer than larger ones (red). These droplets could circulate considerably further than larger ones, which drop out of the air sooner. https://www.pnas.org/content/early/2020/05/12/2006874117 … 13/23pic.twitter.com/hWjVniAsUx

        5 replies 41 retweets 152 likes
        Show this thread
      14. Dr Emma Hodcroft‏Verified account @firefoxx66 14 May 2020

        Importantly, however, as well as remaining airborne & having ability to circulate, infection potential of droplets is dependant on dehydration, saliva viral load & more. We don't yet understand how this all interplays to create a risk of infection by airborne droplets. 14/23

        3 replies 18 retweets 128 likes
        Show this thread
      15. Dr Emma Hodcroft‏Verified account @firefoxx66 14 May 2020

        However, without understanding the science perfectly, I think we can still say this is a risk to be aware of. My concern is that while a lot of attention is going towards keeping 2m apart ↔️ & wiping doorknobs 🚪 & surfaces, little is focused on people in enclosed spaces. 15/23

        7 replies 72 retweets 304 likes
        Show this thread
      16. Dr Emma Hodcroft‏Verified account @firefoxx66 14 May 2020

        Air circulation & filtration does seem to matter. The fact that we haven't seen large outbreaks linked to planes (even over longer flights) is interesting. Planes circulate & filter air frequently - so perhaps this can successfully prevent airborne transmission. ✈️💧🌬️ 16/23

        13 replies 60 retweets 315 likes
        Show this thread
      17. Dr Emma Hodcroft‏Verified account @firefoxx66 14 May 2020

        Similarly, time likely matters. All of the above situations were >=50mins of exposure. Places like grocery stores, where trips are shorter & air flow likely aided by people coming & going (plus usual ventilation) are probably much lower risk. ⏲️💧🛒 17/23

        3 replies 33 retweets 210 likes
        Show this thread
      18. Dr Emma Hodcroft‏Verified account @firefoxx66 14 May 2020

        What we remain unsure about are other forms of transport with less 'air attention': trains 🚅, busses 🚍, trams 🚋. And busy, longer-visit enclosed spaces: restaurants 🍽️, offices 💻, gyms 🏋️🏻, waiting areas ⚕️. 18/23

        9 replies 35 retweets 201 likes
        Show this thread
      19. Dr Emma Hodcroft‏Verified account @firefoxx66 14 May 2020

        What can we do to reduce airborne #COVID19 risk? Advice is likely to differ while we're uncertain. But some things might help: - Prioritise outdoor restaurant seating 🌞 - Open windows as much as when possible 🪟 - Mask-wearing😷 - Reduce overall inside capacity 👩‍👩‍👧‍👦 19/23

        15 replies 124 retweets 408 likes
        Show this thread
      20. Dr Emma Hodcroft‏Verified account @firefoxx66 14 May 2020

        If concerns about airborne transmission bear out, changes to air circulation systems/flows/patterns & filter qualities may make places safer. In the short term, advice on masks & doing all possible to aid air exchange with the outside may make a real difference. 20/23

        5 replies 38 retweets 199 likes
        Show this thread
      21. Dr Emma Hodcroft‏Verified account @firefoxx66 14 May 2020

        The fact that it feels like this is something less easy to tackle (not simply putting 2m lines on a floor, or sanitising table-tops) makes it harder to talk about, I think. We don't want to have more to be worried about! 😫 21/23

        5 replies 26 retweets 185 likes
        Show this thread
      22. Dr Emma Hodcroft‏Verified account @firefoxx66 14 May 2020

        But wishing won't make a possible risk go away. ✨🤞🏻 Instead, we should empower our reopening strategies to take into consideration these possible risks, & let people take put into their calculations about where & when they go. So they can make informed decisions. 🧮 22/23

        2 replies 32 retweets 218 likes
        Show this thread
      23. Dr Emma Hodcroft‏Verified account @firefoxx66 14 May 2020

        Re-opening & exit strategies are about risk calculation. It's important we consider all ways we can reduce transmission potential - including airborne #COVID19 #SARSCoV2 transmission. We learn more every day through hard-working research - this will guide us on each step! 23/23

        46 replies 45 retweets 296 likes
        Show this thread
      24. End of conversation

    Loading seems to be taking a while.

    Twitter may be over capacity or experiencing a momentary hiccup. Try again or visit Twitter Status for more information.

      Promoted Tweet

      false

      • © 2022 Twitter
      • About
      • Help Center
      • Terms
      • Privacy policy
      • Cookies
      • Ads info