Descartes on the limits of Artificial Intelligence: "Even though such machines might do some things as well as we do them, or perhaps even better, they would inevitably fail in others, which would reveal they were acting not through understanding" (Discourse on the Method, 1637)
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What Descartes is explaining in this quote is that it's flexibility, adaptability, generality that define intelligence: an "idiot savant" AI may perform specific tasks better that humans, but it doesn't generalize to new tasks, which reveals its lack of intelligence/understanding
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This shows greater clarity of thought than a number of 20th century AI researchers
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I thought that it could not do multiplication. Are you sure about this?
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Medieval flag-planting :-)
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There was some more advanced concept of a "thinking machine" in scholastic thought (such as Lull’s Ars Generalis Ultima). It was debatted again in the 17th century, notably by Leibniz, a bit later than at the moment of Descartes quote.
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The text-generating machine in the 3d travel of Gulliver is partly a satire of these speculations: instead of producing logical deductions it outputs pure nonsense.
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