Interesting, that was actually earlier than Larry Fogel. But did Friedberg implement the system? Larry Fogel apparently evolved automata for time series prediction in 1961:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lawrence_J._Fogel#Selected_journal_publications …
The idea of machines that learn was introduced by Turing in 1950; as far as I can tell Friedberg 1958 was the first to articulate a concrete implementation (program synthesis via mutations + selection) https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/46be/d4c578e96e05fa3e5704620c4ffa0746d78f.pdf … Am I missing anything else?pic.twitter.com/7QjDBRMvvz
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The paper has a "results" section (good paper by modern standards)
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Arthur Samuel's paper on ML in checkers was published in 1959, but he was working on it years before. He evidently coined the term "machine learning".
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True, but Wiener in Cybernetics (1948) did describe this checker playing machine and he used the term "learning machine".
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The topic is v different (artificial evolution, rather than learning programs that solve unknown tasks). Is this available anywhere?
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Actually I would point to Turings 1948 paper 'Intelligent machinery, a heretical theory' as the place where he introduced the idea. Small historical note.
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Leibniz proposed in De progressione Dyadica, 1679 a "logic thinking machine". He constructed various versions of binary mechanical computers based on these ideas. His goal was to make a "general problem solver".
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That's inspired by Pascal's calculator from 1642 (the first mechanical computer that could perform arithmetic). But a logic machine and a learning machine are v different concepts.
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Church 1957, is when it was first pinned or at least roughly introduced as a problem. The problem is discussed widely, using lambda calculus rather than just automata
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Here is the paper: [Alonzo Church. Application of recursive arithmetic to the problem of circuit synthesis Summaries of talks presented at the Summer Institute for Symbolic Logic Cornell University, 1957, 2nd edn.,https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-symbolic-logic/article/alonzo-church-application-of-recursive-arithmetic-to-the-problem-of-circuit-synthesissummaries-of-talks-presented-at-the-summer-institute-for-symbolic-logic-cornell-university-1957-2nd-edn-communications-research-division-institute-for-defense-analyses-princeton-n-j-1960-pp-350-3a45a/DD3AFF839765355B2029B4A22B633BA0 …
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