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eugyppius1's profile
eugyppius
eugyppius
eugyppius
@eugyppius1

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eugyppius

@eugyppius1

Deutscher Nationalist. “Covid denying conspiracy platform”

Deutschland
eugyppius.substack.com
Joined October 2019

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    1. eugyppius‏ @eugyppius1 May 19

      Byzantium in the Seventh Century: Part III of (Probably) VI Political history, AD 668–711. The depths of catastrophe. I have good Munich beer, I am wearing a lot of tweed, let us proceed. https://twitter.com/eugyppius1/status/1392870371557265413 …pic.twitter.com/HcEnJ2Alcd

      6 replies 23 retweets 101 likes
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    2. eugyppius‏ @eugyppius1 May 19

      First, the maps. Here's roughly the extent of the Eastern Empire in AD 650, under Constans II. The Arabs are coming from the east, but North Africa remains in the hands of Byzantium. Situation in Anatolia gradually deteriorating.pic.twitter.com/jBYmNzdjEK

      2 replies 0 retweets 12 likes
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    3. eugyppius‏ @eugyppius1 May 19

      For comparison, here's the extent in AD 550, at the height of Justinian's imperial renewal programme.pic.twitter.com/0PFHHrpYWw

      2 replies 0 retweets 11 likes
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    4. eugyppius‏ @eugyppius1 May 19

      And here's more or less the low point we'll have reached by the end of this thread: North Africa, totally gone. Balkans, mostly lost aside from coats. Scattered holdings in Italy. Sicily remains in imperial hands.pic.twitter.com/PibyAVUPiA

      1 reply 0 retweets 13 likes
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    5. eugyppius‏ @eugyppius1 May 19

      As everyone will remember, Constans II was murdered in his Sicilian bath-tub in 668. His son Constantine IV is acclaimed emperor immediately afterwards.

      1 reply 0 retweets 13 likes
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    6. eugyppius‏ @eugyppius1 May 19

      Likely around this time, the eastern Empire begins to acquire a new military-administrative feature. These are known as the themes. The precise moment of their origins is unclear, as are many details of their original form.

      1 reply 0 retweets 12 likes
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    7. eugyppius‏ @eugyppius1 May 19

      But we know this for sure: The Arab invasions had the effect of beating back the empire's field armies. These armies came to be stationed permanently in themes within imperial territories.

      3 replies 0 retweets 11 likes
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    8. Ian Garrick Mason‏ @iangarrickmason May 19
      Replying to @eugyppius1

      "The organization of territory into themes began under Emperor Heraclius, who stationed troops in three large districts under the command of military governors (stratēgoi). Soldiers were settled in the themes as farmers, helping to build a permanent citizen army." [Britannica]

      1 reply 0 retweets 1 like
      eugyppius‏ @eugyppius1 May 19
      Replying to @iangarrickmason

      Yes, it's no longer thought the themes go all the way back to Heraclius, and whether the full eighth- or ninth-century system of civilian-military government was present from the very beginning is also doubted now.

      8:32 AM - 19 May 2021
      • 1 Like
      • Ian Garrick Mason
      1 reply 0 retweets 1 like
        1. New conversation
        2. Ian Garrick Mason‏ @iangarrickmason May 19
          Replying to @eugyppius1

          Aha - yes I see the Britannica article I quoted from was written 23 years ago. A generation of scholarship since then.

          1 reply 0 retweets 1 like
        3. eugyppius‏ @eugyppius1 May 19
          Replying to @iangarrickmason

          I mean, maybe they do date back to Heraclius. You just don't have clear references to them until much later.

          0 replies 0 retweets 1 like
        4. End of conversation

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