Emily Cunningham

"For example, the Belt and Road is a way of expanding Chinese path through land-based system." 23/

"The Belt and Road is a series of infrastructure, transport, and energy initiatives whereby Chinese capital and Chinese expertise is going to a series of countries in order to expand their infrastructure links." 24/

More context on the Belt and Road Initiative from wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belt_and_Road_Initiative … 25/

"Sea power has been intrinsic to the dominance of the US in order to protect fossil fuel transport. Now, if it's electricity which will be the dominant source of links and transmission of energy between countries, it will be land power." 26/

"It's been quite impressive how China is using the Belt and Road to increase its land power to its neighbors." 27/

"One error that's very, very often made is people will say, 'Well, we're a very long way from renewables being 100% of all energy, therefore when it's 100%, wake me up.' Well, of course, that's not how the world works. The world works on marginal change, basically." 28/

"It's very notable that when we switched from wood to coal after 1800, coal doesn't become largest global energy source until 1905. But the whole of the 19th C was the working out of the consequences of the rise of those countries which exploited this new energy technology." 29/

Since we need to dramatically change our reliance on fossil fuels over a much shorter period of time (since we didn't act earlier), how can we possibly shift in time to avoid the high carbon emissions scenario?