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Like the Newsweek article, the study authors are quite careful to be respectful of the diversity in the trans community, and to acknowledge the potential dangers in how research like this could be used.
OK. So, now we understand the study, what it intended, and what was found. Are there any big picture takeaways from all this?
Big picture: Researchers have accepted the evidence that gender dysphoria is heritable/genetic and are proceeding to hunt for a mechanism (and getting published in Nature). They want to know not whether GD is genetic, but what role genes of sexual development might play.
Big picture: We are very far from having any idea how gender dysphoria is caused on a biological basis. (If a mechanism for was found, it might or might not be reason for worry. It's a long jump from finding a mechanism to eugenics, and the devil would be in the details.)
Big picture: Research on rare gene variants in transg subjects might increase our understanding of brain development, and whether/how sex plays a role in it. (Same caveats about worry here- this could have scary implications, but we're a long way from knowing that yet.)
And one final big picture: Transgender activism and engagement with science and scientists has, at least in this case, led to researchers and journalists being more sensitive about the complexities and risks of this type of work. I think that's a very good thing. /end
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