We developed a multi-level, integrative and theory-driven approach to uncover how humans make perceptual decisions under natural conditions – where the state of the environment can change during decision formation. (2/11)
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A normative model of decision-making in this context entails a non-linear accumulation of evidence. We show that this non-linearity can be expressed as heightened sensitivity to evidence that is surprising or encountered under uncertainty. (3/11)pic.twitter.com/CqNK8z2qqy
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Surprise and uncertainty modulated the evidence accumulation of human subjects in a task with hidden changes in environmental state. The normative model fitted human behavior better than several alternative, widely used models. (4/11)pic.twitter.com/AQIhDnGx2K
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We combined multi-area recordings (via atlas-based MEG), pupillometry, and cortical circuit modelling to illuminate the large-scale mechanisms underlying the adaptive accumulation process. (5/11)
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Regions in posterior parietal and (pre-)motor cortex involved in action planning closely tracked the normative decision variable, with modulation of evidence encoding by surprise and uncertainty. (6/11)pic.twitter.com/ezm8RZqcqj
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Evidence and decision variable encoding were widely also distributed across the visual cortical hierarchy, and expressed in distinct frequency bands. Visual cortical gamma-band activity encoded sensory evidence. (7/11)pic.twitter.com/moD3LiDQcT
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Visual cortical alpha-band activity reflected selective feedback of the decision variable, most prominently the late activity in primary visual cortex (V1). (8/11)pic.twitter.com/r5oTUcNSzB
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The measured accumulation behavior and dynamics of choice-predictive activity emerged naturally from the non-linear dynamics of an established, biophysically-detailed model of cortical decision circuits. (9/11)pic.twitter.com/WLHngmJCNg
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Changes in environmental state were also closely tracked by pupil-linked arousal, which in turn modulated evidence-encoding signatures in behavior and cortical dynamics. (10/11)pic.twitter.com/JrUCZfE2jl
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Our insights link computations for adaptive decision-making with large-scale neural mechanisms for their implementation: normative evidence accumulation in a changing world emerges from the interplay of cortical circuit dynamics and neuromodulatory input. (11/11)
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