When people of one language conquer another there is always extensive borrowing of vocabulary. There's one major exception to the rule, which is that the old Celtic languages of Britain left almost no traces in modern English (I only use three of these)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_English_words_of_Brittonic_origin …
The borrowing are from Brittonic, the variety of Celtic that would have been spoken in Britain before the Anglo-Saxons got there, not later borrowings from Gaelic
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The number of Celtic words in English is comparable to the number of Finno-Ugric words in Russian. Yes, the Germanic impact on Western Romance languages was larger, the Arabic impact on Spanish was larger. But still pretty small. They‘re still very, very Latin.
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