When Iceland was first discovered agriculture was practiced on a large scale, but after the onset of the Little Ice Age most grain had to be imported and the people subsisted mostly on animal protein, especially fish.
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One of the ways Icelanders have apparently adapted to their diet is by acquiring a mandibular torus, a kind of bony outcropping of the lower mouth only seen at the same frequency in the Eskimo, who have a similar hard diet that places great stress on the jaw.
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But unlike the Eskimo, since about 1200 fish have been exported on a very large scale from Iceland and the people there have engaged in the activity on a scale unheard of in Europe. As late as 1880, 41% of people in Reykjavík fished for a living and in ultra-cold waters.
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Carleton’s 1939 The Races of Europe has a treasure trove of pre World War II anthropological information, but I can’t find any hard numbers on Icelandic arm span. But my rough impression is that they are extremely short limbed. Here for example is the Icelandic Michael Jordan:pic.twitter.com/LaTPYHA87p
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But Coon does have relative span (armspan/height) measurements from many other Europeans and the list helps to identity a third population that has also adapted to wet cold in the accustomed way:pic.twitter.com/ZjzfqbGv3F
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Montenegrins were both the tallest and shortest armed people in Europe in 1939 and the same is true today. A 2012 study replicated the finding of a tiny 1.01 wingspan, which is even more anomalous when you consider, as Coon did, that they also have abnormally broad shoulders.pic.twitter.com/umL1WdJ7fP
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The massive height seen in the ex-Yugoslavia is very strange. In most European groups height seems to increase smoothly as you move north up the first PC of variation, which reaches its northern apex in the tall, blond Latvians and in the other extreme in Sicilians.
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Replying to @DrunkAustrian @Rartedkioyaki
In Sardinia it's actually anti-correlated, about 40% of men there carry I2 and yet they're the shortest sub-group of the already very short Italians. Early European Farmer ancestry is the decisive predictor of height in Europeans and it reaches its peak in Sardinia.
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Replying to @DrunkAustrian @Rartedkioyaki
Latvians and Lithuanians are extremely big, as big or bigger than the much better fed, I1 rich Scandinavians yet only ~8% of their men carry any variant of I. I doesn't seem to have any effect at all, the overwhelming predictor being the amount of North vs South Euro blood.
6:30 AM - 26 May 2020
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