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What is a lie? Are we lying if we choose to withhold critical information? One definition of a lie is as follows: - A lie communicates some information - The liar intends to deceive or mislead - The liar believes that what they are 'saying' is not true https://twitter.com/cosimia_/status/1041101036390309888 …

Some reasons against lying: - a truthful world is a good thing - treats people as a means to an end (see: Kant) - person being lied to cant make an informed decision on the matter - societies have an obligation to use language truthfully

Why lying could be justified: - if it increases overall welfare (how is this measured?) - white lies, lies without mal intention

Imo, lying is wrong when it is done with deceptive intention, regardless of the truthfulness/falseness of the statement In also inclined to follow Kant’s view that lying to ourselves and others is always wrong.

Then again, what of psychological experiments? Should we be able to deceive to support scientific enquiry? If the participant is adequately informed after the fact, is that okay? I dunno man