Britain, the Byzantine Empire & the Saxon 'Heptarchy': a L9thC Arabic description of Britain http://www.caitlingreen.org/2016/04/heptarchy-harun-ibn-yahya.html …pic.twitter.com/y94Zs3zzvF
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Penmachno stone, N. Wales—includes a consular dating prob referring to Justin II, 567–79: http://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/1839341 pic.twitter.com/rA49QLBiw1
Isotope evidence for early medieval movement between South Wales & the Mediterranean/Carthage as late as L7thC: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S030544031300023X …
Evidence for Byzantine contact w/ L9th-11thC Winchester+London interesting in above light? https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=hqskIWgAaxwC&lpg=PA665&pg=PA665#v=onepage&q&f=false …pic.twitter.com/Ia4CqTh6ye
See also the evidence for Greeks living in and visiting 10thC and 11thC England: https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=V2o0EkM-tYYC&lpg=PA130&pg=PA130#v=onepage&q&f=false …pic.twitter.com/fPILPdKT6O
Edward the Confessor's seal w/ Byzantine title basileus; used by English kings in 10th-11thC https://www.academia.edu/2127281/From_Anglorum_basileus_to_Norman_Saint_The_Transformation_of_Edward_the_Confessor …pic.twitter.com/llCVjZfQ7H
An imperial Byzantine seal of Alexios I Komnenos (1081-1118), found at Torksey, Lincolnshire: https://www.academia.edu/2348343/An_imperial_Byzantine_seal_from_Lincolnshire …pic.twitter.com/uDrkmpoGw4
A Byzantine lead seal issued by the ministry of finance at Constantinople in 1025–1075; found at Queenhithe, London: https://collections.museumoflondon.org.uk/online/object/450992.html …pic.twitter.com/JGeJtxyOFc
With regard to the idea of 10thC Britain as an 'emporium' of Spain (Andalus), def evidence for 11-12thC contacts eghttps://twitter.com/caitlinrgreen/status/719248330472230913 …
An Umayyad dirham of Hisham II, minted al-Andalus in 999/1000 & found Cerne Abbas, Dorset (EMC 1957.0001)pic.twitter.com/Ga7KOdblFN
Fwiw, Nightingale suggests 11th-12thC trade between Spain+England may have origins in 10thC, poss via slave trade? http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1468-2281.1985.tb01164.x/abstract …
@caitlinrgreen I mined that for Bamiyan. Didn't occur to me it might mention Britain!
@llewelyn_morgan It's an intriguing text---I was rather surprised when I noticed! Plus it actually has something interesting to say too! :)
@caitlinrgreen echoes of course the 'Welsh' sentiment of being the last Roman province in the West
@Rokewood Absolutely... esp given that poss Carthaginians buried in L7thC Wales...! :)
.@caitlinrgreen as I wrote to you before, I believe that word Rum in Arabic (=Romans in English) means Europeans.
@Archatgs Perhaps derived from Byzantine usage/concept of their lands extending still to Britain, cf 7thC Doctrina Iacobi nuper baptizati
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