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explained it to me once. As I remember it, the very basic gist of the idea is that where de Bruijn (whether levels or indices) assigns numbers to variables by looking at variable *introductions* (lambdas, if you don't have anything fancier), this looks at *uses*.
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So where de Bruijn says, "if only one variable has been introduced in this scope, it can only be called 0", this says, "if only one variable is referred to within this scope, it can only be called 0". So at leaves of the tree, at Var nodes, variables are always called 0.
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