True, Lincoln won a popular plurality, and 1860 is not really the best case for national acceptance of an election result. But the point is that the Electoral College works *against* a united regional bloc like the antebellum South that has fallen out of the national mainstream.
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In 2008, Hillary lost the primary on delegate-count grounds after winning California, New York, Florida, Texas, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Michigan, and New Jersey.https://twitter.com/baseballcrank/status/1108709436619702272 …
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Back of the envelope math, off Census Bureau 2018 population estimates: doubling the size of the House would, without any other changes, raise the 4 largest states from 28.4% to 30.6% of the Electoral College, while reducing the 15 smallest states & DC from 10.6% to 8.8%,
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There's a number of historical problems with the "Electoral College was created to protect slavery" narrative. Left-wing historian Sean Wilentz looks at one of those, specifically, how the Constitutional Convention actually voted.https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/04/opinion/the-electoral-college-slavery-myth.html …
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Worth noting as well: Madison, who raised the slavery issue at the Convention after authoring the original Virginia Plan (under which Congress elected POTUS) was later willing to compromise on popular election bc he was optimistic about growth of the southern electorate.pic.twitter.com/zIwxKq6tuN
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A fair amount of the slavery-at-the-Constitutional-Convention stuff also relies on an ahistorical projection of the post-1830 dynamics backward onto the men of the 1780s. Neither slavery's opponents nor its defenders were as zealous at the time, nor as assured of the future.
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The Founding generation took concrete steps against slavery & was optimistic about its long-term abolition, but there were still northern slave states in 1787 (NY, NJ), & northern opinion was still a long ways from trying to ban slavery in the South.
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The dismal fate of Ben Franklin's anti-slavery petition to Congress in 1790 shows how far from mainstream it was, at the time, to use federal power to ban slavery in states where it existed, rather than rely on state bans & federal territorial bans. http://www.ushistory.org/documents/antislavery.htm …
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That history may seem irrelevant to what happened at Philadelphia in 1787, but it's not. The context of where elite opinion stood on slavery in 1787 informs the realistic scope of what the delegates' hopes & fears were.
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Me
@NRO: What the Electoral College Saves Us From https://www.nationalreview.com/2019/04/what-the-electoral-college-saves-us-from/ …pic.twitter.com/OkR9Z5IIMl
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Another example I didn't have room for: 1888. The ex-Confederate states (not very ex, in 1888) voted 61-37 for Cleveland. Rest of the country went 50-46 for Harrison. Cleveland won only 1 state (CT) that wasn't a slave state in 1860. Cleveland won pop. vote by 0.83% & lost.
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Should Cleveland have won that election? He lost the six largest states. His regional appeal was so narrow, as an incumbent POTUS, he couldn't even win the state where he'd been Governor 4 years before & that had made him POTUS.
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Cleveland carried the national popular vote, 48.6% to 47.8%, solely b/c he won Texas by 41 pts. He won 82% in SC, 70+% in MS, LA, GA. Did that make him a more legitimate representative of a majority of the voters than Benjamin Harrison, who won only 1 state (VT) with > 58%?
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