Fossil fuels are out - Mars doesn't appear to have ever had prolific life, so there's no oil or coal to be found. Methane is usually generated as a byproduct of these, so natural gas is hard to come by. You could maybe generate it from the, but ideally you want to keep that.
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Fission power is difficult - Earth's crust is particularly rich in it relative to Mars. Uranium and thorium are hard to stuff into minerals, so plate tectonics has been working for billions of years to concentrate them near the surface.
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ALSO, uranium deposits tend to be associated with organic shales or groundwater systems in tectonically active areas - these are really good at setting up constantly moving redox boundaries which can move and concentrate uranium.
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Industrial metals? You can probably do iron and aluminum - they're everywhere - but stuff like copper, molybdenum, gold, silver - they're generally associated with plate boundary systems.
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You might luck out with stuff like cobalt, nickel, and platinum group elements. These are found in layered mafic intrusions, which are kms thick examples of basaltic rocks that underwent fractional xtallization. These metals are concentrated at specific layers in these rocks.
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Unfortunately, we're not entirely sure how they form. One occurrence is associated with the melt sheet ina 100km+ impact crater, which may have been formed by a nickel-iron asteroid. But they're not associated with *every* crater, so we're not sure what the difference is.
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Making cement is going to be an issue, we make it by grinding up carbonate rocks. These are really easy to come by on Earth - the subsurfaces of entire countries are paved with it - but we don't really see it on Mars.
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And despite what you hear about rocks containing % levels of water, it's locked up in the minerals. You'd have to strip mine and melt tons of rock for usable water. You can mine ice deposits near the poles, but you'd need to pipe it up to 1000s of km depending where you settle.
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Forgot glass...glass is made by melting silica, which is readily available in pure form as quartz here on Earth. But that's another byproduct of plate tectonics, and it's not something you'd easily find on Mars.
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I guess to sum up this incomplete web of industrial interdependencies...a lot of problems have alternatives, but some critical stuff is just entirely inaccessible on Mars. If you want to keep a civilization going, you're going to have to stay reliant on extraterrestrial import.
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Rather, terrestrial import (extramartian import)
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