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When selecting a shard key for this sharding type, it is essential to select one with high cardinality, so the number of possible values for that key is numerous. For example, a key with possible values of North, South, East, and West is of low cardinality since there are only 4.
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The same node houses entries that have the same shard key. A group of data that shares the same shard key is referred to as a logical shard. Multiple logical shards are included in a database node, also known as a physical shard.
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Data is divided into chunks depending on the ranges of a certain value in range-based sharding. This requires a look up table to see where the data should be stored. Maintaining the consistency of such a table and obviously picking the ranges here are critical.
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