An apt conclusion on lectures: "[The] message cannot be received unless it is understood, and understanding cannot be transmitted." https://twitter.com/michael_nielsen/status/981746282325729280…
They can be make new meaning available to a student whose cognitive contours are receptive to that meaning's shape, but that's rarely the case. And user-navigable materials (book, video lecture) are likely more useful than a non-interactive lecture even then in almost every case.
Wonder if lectures could be redesigned by analogy with agile standup, planning and retrospectives
1. Periodic deep lecture to lay out the space
2. Weekly short, motivating lightning talks that create group unity and cadence, then get out of the way
3. Retrospective over exam
Sounds like project based learning, where very student has a different project but roughly in the same space. Standup is to see what can be learned from each other. Lecture is never for everyone but just for a subset that needs that topic.