If tutors really do reliably produce two-sigma learning gains, then why aren't most top achievers the product of tutors? Yes, they're expensive, but perhaps "only" 2-3x private school; there are a lot of wealthy parents. Diminishing returns for high achievers?
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Interestingly, most (all?) top achievers in athletics and conservatory music are tutored. Why is this not true of most fields? Is it that music/athletics have so much more tacit knowledge? Or by contrast is so much more legible, so that a tutor/coach can be much more effective?
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I am seeing more extremely wealthy people (eg billionaires) shift to tutors.
But even then you’re right, if it’s a full two sigma you would expect basically every high performer to be from a tutor.
Seems like there’s an asymptotic level of ultimate max performance?
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I think there must be. Otherwise mean+2s should be dominated by tutored people from the mean. And if that produces a shift to 3s, well, then it should be dominated by tutored people from mean+1s.
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If you add in homeschooling or other forms of alternative education (1-to-1 or 1-to-few), even in addition to a traditional education, it encompasses a lot higher % of top performers.
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I agree that this would add to the figure. I'm curious: do you have sources on the specific numbers?
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I suspect to get the 2 sigma you need a tutor who’s much better than you. At the top such tutors may not exist. Another thought: almost all academics are result of “tutoring” from their advisers.
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Hypo: If in a lockstep formal curriculum, gains-to-tutoring are lower (you can't quite "skip ahead" 1.7 months, it's a year or nothing), so tutor-like investment happens in environments with gradual slopes, not steps (e.g., debate, working in a science lab, the examples you list)
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Right, but there are enough rich parents who could use tutors to remove their children from such curricula that you'd expect those students to dominate the arena of top performers!
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