The reasons why the existing religions are no longer tools for organizing social order is that they already were replaced with something more successful. Religious order kept us stable after the fall of the Roman Empire, but always below 400M people. I don't think we can go back.
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Religions have issues: they destroy epistemology and impair rationalism, they are either totalitarian or toothless when it comes to implementing order, the admin needs to be intransparent (corruption!), and they establish acceptance criteria that not the nicest religion might win
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Conversely, rationalism allows to define universal criteria for truth, and norms based on consequentialism, with a society that can in principle openly negotiate about preferred consequences, especially once you build an independent death star that incentivizes against violence.
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Replying to @Plinz
The problem is, people aren't very good at being rational. We are not Vulcans. We use our higher brain functions mainly to rationalize our emotional decisions. And I have doubts about universal truth, given the mess with all those variable meaning functions in the brain. /1
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Replying to @pavel23
No, some people are very good at being rational, and other people are very good at accepting programming, and while there is some commutation between the groups, they seem to be quite distinct.
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Replying to @Plinz
You said in one of your CCC talks that our brain states evolve in landscapes where we might find ourselves in different valleys. Rationality also is not a well defined concept. Real people are not utility-maximizing agents, and couldn't agree on a utility function if they were.
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Replying to @pavel23
Rationality does by itself not imply values, other than a pragmatically justified commitment to truth for the process itself. But once we make our preferences explicit, we can use rationality to negotiate.
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Replying to @Plinz
In the largest philosophical encyclopedia I know ( https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historisches_W%C3%B6rterbuch_der_Philosophie … ) I once looked up "Wahrheit", and it had the longest entry of all terms in those twelve volumes. Already the German and English Wikipedia articles show how multi-faceted the concept of truth is.
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When I dived deeper into Philosophy a few years ago in search of a firm foundation for my political activities. I found myself swimming in a sea of totally different ways to look at the world. No firm ground there. You have to choose the models of thought that appeal to you.
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For me, the models that seemed to be most grounded came from evolutionary biology, shedding light on the rules that shaped our bodies and genetically determined features of our mind that provide us both with common attractors and degrees of freedom in cognition and behaviour.
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Yes, human nature is best addressed in evo psych and psychology of personality, emergent social dynamics is usually best explained by incentives, and the reaction of social systems to incentive architectures by evolutionary game theory.
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