States = matter/location - Transition functions = energy/relationships between matter/locations Maybe?
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Matter and energy are not primary. They are concepts that we use as parts of a model of the apparent physics engine we find ourselves in. There is only information (discernible differences) that indicates changes in other information (transitions).
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Not sure that states+transitions is a sufficient definition. It covers Turing completeness, but various oracle functions can extend it in qualitatively different ways, while still being of the flavor of computation. But computation as a concept being universal, yes.
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Could you please point me to a noncomputational oracle function?
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I look at it a bit differently. Anything you can make or do must be able to be described. If you can't describe t you can't make/do it. Predictive Innovation model describes those. Göedel's Incompleteness leads me to believe we can't fully know the next step.
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You can know the next step if your model is isomorphic to the local ground truth and the ground truth is deterministic, but unless you can make full observations and have resources to process them, you cannot know if your model captures the ground truth.
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Where this is not boringly obvious is the non-classical realm of quantum mechanics. The entire value proposition in quantum computing is that it can perform a kind of computation that transcends classical computation.
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QM is still a computational theory, just not classical. It always comes down to a big table of numbers, then your Hamiltonian comes along, and you get a new table of numbers. (I think that the universe may be digital, but that is a much stronger hypothesis than computationalism.)
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You probably need to expand this into strong and weak computationalism.
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yes, but I currently forgot how to only assume weak computationalism
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