Jeremy Stangroom on Twitter: "Yeah, it's really difficult. I don't think your conclusions are necessarily wrong. It's just... you know.… https://t.co/ccOD2Rxv0R"

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Jeffrey Sachs‏ @JeffreyASachs Feb 12

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The Myth of Partisan Grading! There's been a lot of talk lately about self-censorship on campus. According to one popular theory, conservative students censor themselves because they believe that if they state their true views, they will get a lower grade. This theory is true.

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Jeffrey Sachs‏ @JeffreyASachs Feb 12

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By which I mean that it IS the case that conservative students believe this. I know offhand of two surveys confirming it. A 2017 @TheFIREorg survey shows conservatives report self-censoring in the classroom more than liberals, especially at the extreme ends of the spectrum.pic.twitter.com/kczQ5VrKgg

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Jeffrey Sachs‏ @JeffreyASachs Feb 12

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And when asked why, conservatives are more likely to say they have self-censored due to fear of receiving a lower grade from their professor. Source [Tables 12 and 13]: https://www.thefire.org/publications/student-surveys/student-attitudes-free-speech-survey/ …pic.twitter.com/LZQljm7yWe

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Jeffrey Sachs‏ @JeffreyASachs Feb 12

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Similar findings were reported in a 2017 @HdxAcademy survey, which added a question about which TOPICS generate self-censorship. Again, conservatives were more likely to self-censor due to fear of a bad grade. https://heterodoxacademy.org/the-fearless-speech-index-who-is-afraid-to-speak-and-why/ …pic.twitter.com/5vsi5p3ETa

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Jeffrey Sachs‏ @JeffreyASachs Feb 12

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OK, what does this mean? Well, it means that there's a significant percentage of conservative students (about 10%, according to FIRE) who believe that if they express their genuine opinions in class, they will be penalized by their professors. But guess what? They're wrong.

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Jeffrey Sachs‏ @JeffreyASachs Feb 12

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We have a couple studies looking at this exact issue. An experiment by Musgrave and Rom (2015) had polisci students compose two essays, one on the history and beliefs of the Democratic Party and another on the GOP. These were then given to TAs to grade.https://scholar.dickinson.edu/faculty_publications/78/ …

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Jeremy Stangroom‏ @PhilosophyExp Feb 12

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Replying to @JeffreyASachs

The TAs knew their marking was going to be looked at, and with the first batch of essays they were sent questions about their political partisanship & ideology (should have been done afterwards!). Both those things are real problems (as is the fact they were TAs not full profs).

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Mark Carl Rom‏ @MarkCarlRom Feb 16

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Replying to @PhilosophyExp @JeffreyASachs

The questions we asked the TAs were standard survey questions. To misdirect the TAs, we asked them to guess the sex of the students, hoping they would believe the study was about sex bias.

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Jeremy Stangroom‏ @PhilosophyExp Feb 16

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Replying to @MarkCarlRom @JeffreyASachs

I understand that. But the fact they were being studied at all, & knew it, is a huge confounding variable. Plus, they're presumably not naive. Your misdirection might well have been perceived as precisely that. I'd have realized. I accept, of course, not easy to control all this.

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Mark Carl Rom‏ @MarkCarlRom Feb 16

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Replying to @PhilosophyExp @JeffreyASachs

Yeah, this topic is pretty difficult to study. For example....if we were to redo it, addressing the concerns of our critics, we'd have to conceal *our* identify -- so that the subjects wouldn't say "Oh, Rom and @profmusgrave ....they must be studying political bias..."

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Jeremy Stangroom‏ @PhilosophyExp Feb 16

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Replying to @MarkCarlRom @JeffreyASachs @profmusgrave

Yeah, it's really difficult. I don't think your conclusions are necessarily wrong. It's just... you know.

11:08 AM - 16 Feb 2019

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