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Prof John List on 'scalability problem' (results from trials 'diminish substantially' when rolled out to broader pop): post study probability issues; publication bias; trial participants more compliant; other orgs less methodical than researchers https://www.aeaweb.org/articles?id=10.1257/aer.p20171115 … #BX2018
Academics want to publish and independence.
Financial markets and industry want commercial outcomes.
We need leaders willing to admit they don't have all the answers and who'll commit to continuous testing.
Yet the reality is that testing & re-testing is expensive. #BX2018
1/2 Q from floor by PricewaterhouseCoopers: 'Everything we do on cyber security is failing.'
Early work with Harvard Uni testing loss aversion (what can you lose if you click on this link) & shared responsibility (your colleagues could be hurt if you click on this link) #BX2018
People who have poor financial well-being but don't understand this are of highest concern.
Financial well-being measured by things like having pay day loan or showing pay lower than expenses at end of the week. #BX2018
Nudging the nudgers: how do we overcome our cognitive biases as researchers & practitioners?
@varungauri from World Bank first up. Give policy makers an opportunity to think through their biases. World Bank surveyed staff showing their biases. Then reproduced in UK. #BX2018
World Bank & other civil servants were surveyed. Their biases:
confirmation bias;
gain/loss framing;
sunk cost bias;
risk taking for others;
mental models of poverty.
@varungauri #BX2018pic.twitter.com/YqTH28vuJ1
Confirmation bias: Political views & expert training of pubic servants lead to errors. Financial incentives backfire- public servants can have strong identity, moral conviction, and high education/scepticism that can make them resistant to conflicting info. @varungauri #BX2018pic.twitter.com/iQQ83mJsIh
Government officials make the same errors we see in other #BehaviouralScience studies with other populations, including on taking risks and in misunderstanding poverty even when they're experts on poverty. @varungauri #BX2018pic.twitter.com/rdb7WHw69R
How to address cognitive biases of public servants and other officials - similar to other #BehaviouralScience approaches, including deliberation. @varungauri #BX2018pic.twitter.com/r3pnvNqPSw
World Bank work on de-biasing gender equity in hiring and knowledge management. @varungauri
Follow results of this work on #embed_wb
#BX2018pic.twitter.com/kJ1cFLladX
David Halpern CEO @B_I_Tweets discusses forthcoming work on UK policy makers' biases. They don't always allocate attention according to need. Susceptible to how a policy is framed (how wording of a social problem is presented).
#BX2018pic.twitter.com/JNtD7AE6yA
Biases of policy makers: overestimate how people like them will act as they expect; senior leaders especially susceptible to over confidence.
OECD study shows 57% of economists dislike interdisciplinary collaboration. But collab can guard vs biases!
- David Halpern #BX2018pic.twitter.com/Zg7YWurojE
How to overcome behavioural biases in public administration using #BehaviouralScience includes assembling cognitive and conceptually diverse teams. - David Halpern #BX2018pic.twitter.com/ZBU3funAqU
Other cognitive biases in public administration: motivated reasoning due to expertise; present bias; preference for external consultation without rigour
Peer review and premortems might help. We need to build institutions outside of Gov to mitigate public servant bias. #BX2018pic.twitter.com/Zw8JagmOnz
Incredibly important question from the floor about how de-biased methods of recruitment that currently focus on gender equity* (NB which are problematically conceived as a gender binary) can be extended to disability.
Answer: essentially the work hasn't been done yet. #BX2018
Violence & Crime: Putting #BehaviouralScience on Trial.
A/Prof Anuj K. Shah begins. We tend to study criminal patterns but not decision making processes. Creating moments of choice. Eg. 41% people NYC don't show up for court. Low level offence (fine) becomes bigger. #BX2018pic.twitter.com/mqqGlJol5x
When we know the behaviour and the window of time when to intervene, we can use #BehaviouralScience nudges (redesigning summons, text reminders).
Other behaviours tougher to identify because we can't be there to preempt decisions being weighed up before a crime. - Shah
#BX2018pic.twitter.com/Y7BUuzbrEo
Other more complex #BehaviouralScience interventions are to teach youth who are engaged in crime to question their assumptions
Illusion of transparency also being tested to reduce anonymity as crime deterrent.
'We must look into how moments of choice arise or don't.' #BX2018pic.twitter.com/335d8JF5OV
Mary Ann O'Loughlin on Behavioural Insights Unit's work on using #BehaviouralScience to address reoffending on domestic violence offences.
E.g. simplifying language of Apprehended Domestic Violence Orders (ADVOs) & correcting social norms on gender violence. #BX2018 #dfv #biupic.twitter.com/c9w8hhfvsz
Other #BehaviouralScience trials on domestic and family violence by Behavioural Insights Unit:
Court Attendance SMS
What's Your Plan co-designed with Aboriginal experts.
AVOW Digital App to help perpetrators understand ADVOs.
-Mary Ann O'Loughlin #BX2018 #dfv #biupic.twitter.com/zxKNX2b3ru
Read more about the first Behavioural Insights Unit trial on reducing domestic and family violence reoffending: https://bi.dpc.nsw.gov.au/blog/2018/05/28/2018-biu-report-available-now/ …
#BX2018 #biu #BehaviouralScience #dfvpic.twitter.com/I506hKhasH
Randomised control trial on 1,000 police officers wearing body cams in District of Columbia by @david_yokum
Results: Use of force small difference but statistically insignificant. Body cam police slightly more complaints & more likely to be prosecuted - but null result. #BX2018
So are body cams worth it? @david_yokum says null results can be interpreted in different ways. For one, even though not statistically significant, it might make a difference in one or two cases - big community impact. This has been enough to shift policy discussions. #BX2018pic.twitter.com/qoAcc1UGHH
The Lab @ DC invested heavily in engaging communities in the science. They've been sharing ongoing results & explaining technical aspects of scientific process. Strong public outreach via local media and their website. - @david_yokum See http://thelab.dc.gov #BX2018 #scicomm
One of my favourite #BehaviouralScience practitioners, and project lead on the What's Your Plan trial by Behavioural Insights Unit, @evakoromilas asked by panel to describe how the trial worked with Aboriginal client and community support officers & #DFV reoffenders. #BX2018 #biupic.twitter.com/qlaewj92XE
Why do other areas of state Gov not have their own #BehaviouralScience teams? Mary Ann O'Loughlin says bringing together a team of multidisciplinary specialists takes time & it's also useful to have them in a central place collaborating with other areas. #BX2018 #biu
New Frontiers in #BehaviouralInsights. Around the world, #BehaviouralScience is having major impact, from improving organ donation in Canada, to the new health policy to address childhood obesity in UK, to #SugarTax introduced in Australia yesterday - all outcomes of BI. #BX2018pic.twitter.com/0H78ki14HJ
David Halpern who set up the first #BehaviouralInsights team in the world (in the UK) shows Behavioural Insights Unit (Australia) trial, What's Your Plan?, as an example of innovative use of #BehaviouralScience for policy and service delivery change. #BX2018 #biu #dfvpic.twitter.com/HpnSVOsDBP
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