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Oliver_S_Curry's profile
Oliver Scott Curry
Oliver Scott Curry
Oliver Scott Curry
@Oliver_S_Curry

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Oliver Scott Curry

@Oliver_S_Curry

Senior Researcher, Cognitive & Evolutionary Anthropology, University of Oxford. Evolution, cooperation, morality, politics and food. All tweets are hypotheses.

London / Oxford
oliverscottcurry.com
Joined January 2014

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    1. Oliver Scott Curry‏ @Oliver_S_Curry 20 Dec 2018

      20/ …on the contrary, 'purity' is described as an “odd corner” of morality because it is not “concerned with how we treat other people”https://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/abs/10.1162/0011526042365555 …

      2 replies 1 retweet 13 likes
      Show this thread
    2. Oliver Scott Curry‏ @Oliver_S_Curry 20 Dec 2018

      21/ So although MFT claims to be an evolutionary-cooperative account of morality, it excludes the four most well-established types of evolved cooperation: kin altruism, reciprocal altruism, competitive altruism & respect for first possession.

      3 replies 8 retweets 50 likes
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    3. Oliver Scott Curry‏ @Oliver_S_Curry 20 Dec 2018

      22/ And MFT includes two categories – generic altruism & pathogen avoidance – that are not types of evolved cooperation.

      2 replies 1 retweet 16 likes
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    4. Oliver Scott Curry‏ @Oliver_S_Curry 20 Dec 2018

      23/ MFT also has empirical problems. The main problem is that MFT’s five-factor model of morality has not been well supported by studies using the MFQ.

      2 replies 1 retweet 18 likes
      Show this thread
    5. Oliver Scott Curry‏ @Oliver_S_Curry 20 Dec 2018

      24/ Some of the original studies, as well as replications in Italy, New Zealand, Sweden and Turkey, and a 27 country study (using the short-form MFQ), have found that MFT’s five-factor model falls short of the conventionally ‘acceptable’ degree of model fit (CFIs<0.90)

      2 replies 1 retweet 22 likes
      Show this thread
    6. Oliver Scott Curry‏ @Oliver_S_Curry 20 Dec 2018

      25/ And so despite promising five moral domains, the MFQ typically delivers only two [Care-Fairness] and [Ingroup-Authority-Purity]. And it is this two-domain model that is often used in research.

      1 reply 0 retweets 24 likes
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    7. Oliver Scott Curry‏ @Oliver_S_Curry 20 Dec 2018

      26/ Other research has taken issue with specific foundations, especially Purity. But that’s a topic for another thread @kurtjgray

      2 replies 0 retweets 15 likes
      Show this thread
    8. Oliver Scott Curry‏ @Oliver_S_Curry 20 Dec 2018

      27/ To their credit, proponents of MFT acknowledge these concerns – for example, that the original list of foundations was “arbitrary”, based on a limited review of only “five books and articles”, and never intended to be “exhaustive”…

      2 replies 0 retweets 21 likes
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    9. Oliver Scott Curry‏ @Oliver_S_Curry 20 Dec 2018

      28/ … and they have positively encouraged research that could “demonstrate the existence of an additional foundation, or show that any of the current five foundations should be merged or eliminated” http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-407236-7.00002-4 …

      1 reply 0 retweets 20 likes
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    10. Oliver Scott Curry‏ @Oliver_S_Curry 20 Dec 2018

      29/ And so that is what my colleagues and I have done:

      1 reply 0 retweets 13 likes
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      Oliver Scott Curry‏ @Oliver_S_Curry 20 Dec 2018

      30/ I went back to first principles – the evolutionary game theory of cooperation – identified (at least) seven distinct types of cooperation, and used them to explain seven distinct types of morality #moralityascooperation http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-19671-8_2 …pic.twitter.com/swW9L5X2yU

      5:21 AM - 20 Dec 2018
      • 45 Retweets
      • 175 Likes
      • Eli Sennesh Bill Goldstein Amanda Rotella Jason Canning The Dissenter Guy Lavender Forsyth Monica Koehn Antanas Spokas Eli
      25 replies 45 retweets 175 likes
        1. New conversation
        2. Oliver Scott Curry‏ @Oliver_S_Curry 20 Dec 2018

          31/ We then showed that these seven types of morality can be found all around the world, and are probably cross-cultural universals @drdanmullinshttps://evolution-institute.org/the-seven-moral-rules-found-all-around-the-world …

          4 replies 14 retweets 64 likes
          Show this thread
        3. Oliver Scott Curry‏ @Oliver_S_Curry 20 Dec 2018

          32/ And we have now used this framework to develop a new measure of moral values – the Morality-as-Cooperation Questionnaire (MAC-Q) – that promises, and delivers, seven moral domains @cjvanlissa https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2018.10.008 …

          2 replies 2 retweets 38 likes
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        4. Oliver Scott Curry‏ @Oliver_S_Curry 20 Dec 2018

          33/ The MAC-Q shows that all seven types of cooperation are considered morally relevant – in fact, MAC’s new domains (family, reciprocity, heroism, property) are considered *more* morally relevant than the domains shared with MFT (group, authority, fairness).

          2 replies 1 retweet 19 likes
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        5. Oliver Scott Curry‏ @Oliver_S_Curry 20 Dec 2018

          34/ The MAC-Q also shows that each type of cooperation gives rise to a distinct moral domain – family, group, reciprocity, heroism, deference, fairness, property.

          1 reply 1 retweet 12 likes
          Show this thread
        6. Oliver Scott Curry‏ @Oliver_S_Curry 20 Dec 2018

          35/ Thus the MAC-Q introduces four new moral domains (family, reciprocity, heroism, property). It distinguishes family from group, and reciprocity from fairness. And it does a better job than the MFQ of distinguishing between 'group loyalty' and 'respect for authority'

          1 reply 1 retweet 14 likes
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        7. Oliver Scott Curry‏ @Oliver_S_Curry 20 Dec 2018

          36/ So, an approach to morality that is guided by the underlying principles of cooperation outperforms one that is not. And this is just the start…

          1 reply 1 retweet 13 likes
          Show this thread
        8. Oliver Scott Curry‏ @Oliver_S_Curry 20 Dec 2018

          37/ Equipped with a principled theory, we are now in a position to generate new testable predictions, and thus advance a genuine science of morality. <fin, for now>pic.twitter.com/Eagc3NErjd

          9 replies 1 retweet 49 likes
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        9. End of conversation
        1. New conversation
        2. ScienceOnReligion‏ @SciOnRelOrg 21 Dec 2018
          Replying to @Oliver_S_Curry

          Evidence: people *describe* violations of sanctity as moral infractions (ie. in the MFQ), and they *respond* IRL in ways that bear out this description. Wearing outside shoes into a mosque will make people outraged in a very morally valenced way.

          1 reply 0 retweets 0 likes
        3. Oliver Scott Curry‏ @Oliver_S_Curry 21 Dec 2018
          Replying to @SciOnRelOrg

          Oliver Scott Curry Retweeted Oliver Scott Curry

          MAC predicts that 'purity' will turn out to be a mish-mash of different disgust-avoidance responses to a variety of different cooperative problemshttps://twitter.com/Oliver_S_Curry/status/1076073899950043137 …

          Oliver Scott Curry added,

          Oliver Scott Curry @Oliver_S_Curry
          All good questions. Working on it. But like I said, this is another thread for another day! Meanwhile, this excerpt is from https://osf.io/9546r/  @AlexanderGunz https://twitter.com/AlexanderGunz/status/1076070135180464129 … pic.twitter.com/HTKUKcJJ4Y
          3 replies 0 retweets 3 likes
        4. ScienceOnReligion‏ @SciOnRelOrg 21 Dec 2018
          Replying to @Oliver_S_Curry

          Pretty interesting. So, eg., violating the rules of a mosque would seem to match up most closely with expelling ideologically impure heretics. Absolutely agree that this moralized disgust response is a strategy to solve a cooperation (and coordination) problem

          0 replies 0 retweets 1 like
        5. End of conversation
        1. Ashley‏ @polyaletheia 20 Dec 2018
          Replying to @Oliver_S_Curry

          But not all morality is co-operation! Pathogen avoidance, as you mentioned, gives rise to morality too.

          0 replies 0 retweets 2 likes
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        1. HassanS‏ @has5an_s 22 Dec 2018
          Replying to @Oliver_S_Curry

          Is it acceptable to simplify: life interaction is a sequence of Optional Prisoner's Dilemma rounds, where each player has to choose between Pride (self) or Humility (the other) ?https://www.researchgate.net/publication/256933667_Two_sides_of_one_coin_Honesty-Humility_and_situational_factors_mutually_shape_social_dilemma_decision_making …

          0 replies 0 retweets 1 like
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        1. ScienceOnReligion‏ @SciOnRelOrg 21 Dec 2018
          Replying to @Oliver_S_Curry

          Would love to see how/if the MAC-Q could be used (or in the future modified?) to address this dimension of specifically human moral psychology.

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        1. ScienceOnReligion‏ @SciOnRelOrg 21 Dec 2018
          Replying to @Oliver_S_Curry

          I think the Purity MFT foundation is really about these subjunctive boundaries and rendering them unquestionable, and so stabilizing the socially constructed world. Which is directly relevant to cooperation for the kind of animal that we are.

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        1. ScienceOnReligion‏ @SciOnRelOrg 21 Dec 2018
          Replying to @Oliver_S_Curry

          We're symbol-using animals that generate subjunctives, like the rules of games or the borders between countries. So in-group identity for humans isn't just, like, extended kin altruism. We have *symbolic* collectives, with subjunctive markers (e.g. moiety totems, national myths)

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        1. ScienceOnReligion‏ @SciOnRelOrg 21 Dec 2018
          Replying to @Oliver_S_Curry

          But in another way, the MAC-Q assumes from the outset that there's nothing qualitatively different between human and animal morality. And that renders a significant domain of human moral psychology invisible.

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        1. ScienceOnReligion‏ @SciOnRelOrg 21 Dec 2018
          Replying to @Oliver_S_Curry

          Of course, maybe you address all this more in-depth elsewhere. But by reducing moral instincts to only those that are grounded in established animal phylogeny, you've done a service to moral psychology in one way. Really important work to advance theoretical integration. Thanks.

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        1. ScienceOnReligion‏ @SciOnRelOrg 21 Dec 2018
          Replying to @Oliver_S_Curry

          Which is a response without any analogue in animals. Animals do not use symbolic language to create subjunctive boundaries and then police those subjunctive boundaries by getting morally incensed when they're violated.

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        1. ScienceOnReligion‏ @SciOnRelOrg 21 Dec 2018
          Replying to @Oliver_S_Curry

          So it seems likely that, in humans, the capacity for symbolic culture led to/was spurred on by an integration of disgust/pathogen avoidance instincts with moral instincts for deference and cooperation. That's why Muslims find it a *moral* offense if you wear shoes into mosque.

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        1. ScienceOnReligion‏ @SciOnRelOrg 21 Dec 2018
          Replying to @Oliver_S_Curry

          But there's a decently convincing, evidence-backed, well-argued whole body of literature on the positive relationship between disgust/pathogen avoidance instincts and conservatism/religiosity. E.g. Thornhill, @CLFincher.

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