Almost certainly. They are probably derived from rings for wearing, or possibly bracelets, but these are very rough and too large. The ring shape may have allowed easier subdivision by cutting or sawing.
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Replying to @NLeconandpolicy
I don't think this is money yet. Came a bit later (third millennium bc, in my books). These are collectibles
@NickSzabo42 replies 0 retweets 1 like -
Replying to @JanGold_ @NLeconandpolicy
There isn't a sharp distinction to be made between collectibles and money. Collectibles were a store of value and medium of wealth transfer -- the main distinctions one might make are somewhat arbitrary cutoffs of velocity and granularity.
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Replying to @NickSzabo4 @NLeconandpolicy
The thing with collectibles is that they were first made for reasons such as esthetics and religion. Gold ie was picked up from river beds coz humans saw the sun in it: eternal life. Later collectibles became exchanged and obtained an “economic” value.
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What do you think
@judyzara ?1 reply 0 retweets 1 like -
Either way I think there’ll be a ledger somewhere.
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Most "ring money" (first bronze later silver) was more in the form of coils, of which segments could be easily separated.
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Yes, the above rings would likely have been used by tally, like shell beads. Whether or not they come in standard weights would be a good clue.
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Gold in this period (before coinage 7th century BC) often came in "similar" forms but, like ingots today, were weighed for actual content. They were not "standardized" to the extent that they could trade without weighing.
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Agreed. Same with silver. Even after coinage was invented they sticked with “weighing on payment” for a few centuries in Mesopotamia.
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They are not mutually exclusive. Tally provides a quick way to compute a total value (for seeing how much is in one's treasury or purse, how much needs to be put on the scale, etc.) Weighing (along sometimes with sample assay) was the final, definitive measurement for a tx.
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Sure, but in “our study” it helps to map out the eras/inventions of - trading - mettalurgy - sealing metal - stamping metal ingots - weighing/balances - writing (numbers but also the alphabet for contracts and loans) - coinage - etc
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